Scheduling people to work late, or "graveyard", shift is a problem in almost every twenty-four hour company. An article in the Wall Street Journal titled "Scheduling workers who fall asleep on the job is not easy" describes night-shift dilemmas at an oil refinery and a police department. Scheduling is also difficult for airline that fly long routes, such as El AL Airline's Popular 11-hour nonstop Tel Aviv to New York flight.

Choose 5-firms that require night shifts and discuss how each can deal with its staffing requirements. What are the major issues in each that affect moral, productivity, alertness, and safety?