Reading in Sociology: Culture

1. A tendency to use our own group's way of doing things as the yardstick for judging others is called

A. Culture shock

B. Ethnocentrism

C. Relativist fallacy

D. Multiculturalism

2. Gestures, language, values and social norms are examples of

A. Material culture

B. Cultural relativism

C. Non-material culture

D. Ethnocentrism

3. Shaking one's head left and right to mean "no" and up and down to mean "yes" are examples of

A. Impression Management

B. Selectivity

C. Gestures

D. Sanctions

4. A system of symbols that can be strung together in an infinite number of ways for the purpose of communicating abstract thought is called

A. Technology

B. Raw material

C. Language

D. Ethnocentrism

5. A society that is made of many different religious, racial and ethnic groups would he best described as

A. A society of assimilation

B. A noncentrist society

C. A pluralistic society

D. A centrist society

6. The expectations, or rules of behavior, that develop out values are referred to by sociologists as

A. Mores

B. Folkways

C. Laws

D. Norms

7. What "written gestures" used during communications help convey the feelings that accompany words?

A. Body language

B. Emoticons

C. Signs

D. Cognitive polish

8. Which of the following statements is not one of the functions of language?

A. Language provides a universal written account all societies can understand

B. Language provides a social or shared past

C. Language provides a social or shared future

D. Language allows shared perceptions

9. When a group has a distinctive way of looking at life. but at the same time their values and norms reflect the dominant culture of their society, the group would be considered alnl

A. Counterculture

B. Underground culture

C. Subdominant culture

D. Subculture

10. Which term, coined by sociologist William Ogburn, is used to describe a situation in which nonmaterial culture changes slower than material culture?

A. Cultural lag

B. Cultural imperatives

C. Cultural response

D. Cultural adaptation

Reading in Psychology: Sources of Stress

11. According to the Text, Reading in the Content Area, both gatekeeper bullies and two-headed snake bullies

A. Are loud and demonstrative

B. Nitpick and make unreasonable demands

C. Turn their employees against each other

D. Believe in fight-or-flight response

12. The Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) is a predictor of

A. A person's ability to handle coping with a disease

B. A person's chances of surviving a major health problem

C. A person's cognitive sympathetic response to stress

D. A person's risk of suffering major health problems

13. A stressor is any situation or event that

A. Makes someone feel relaxed and easy-going.

B. Makes people want to get together with friends and family to have a good time.

C. Makes people feel depressed , tired and lonely

D. Someone finds emotionally uplifting and amusing

14. The term stress can be defined as

A. Anything that makes you have a headache

B. The desire to fight someone who has annoyed us

C. The fear we feel when we think we will not be successful at a task

D. The physiological and psychological response to any condition that threatens to upset the body's normal equilibrium and which requires some form of adjustment to maintain physical and emotional health.

Answer the following questions as True of False A= True B = False

15. Hassles and uplifts may neutralize the effects of one another

16. An individual's personality type can change depending on his/her circumstances

17. Hardiness is prevalent in healthy male executives who handle stress well

18. The group that is always underemployed in our society are blacks, therefore they suffer most from unemployment stress

19. The text infers that those who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder PSTD) are unable to life normal lives

20. Historical racism and socioeconomic status are not two of the major sources of social stress.

Reading in Business: Business Communications

21. Which of the following cultural contexts affect business communication in high-context companies?

A. Position and status are valued much more than competence

B. Workers rely on detailed background information

C. Meetings have fixed agendas and plenty of advance notice

D. Information is highly centralized and controlled

22. Which of the following is considered a cultural group?

A. Professional group

B. Religious group

C. Country of origin

D. All of the above

23. What inference can be made regarding back translation?

A. Landon Associates is a premier company because they use back translation

B. Back translation is more cost effective than machine translation

C. Communication using back translation reduces message inconsistences

D. Interpreters often use back translation to decease communication errors

24. Which of the following facts is not given in the text regarding writing clearly in multi-language business environments?

A. Use longer sentences to continually reiterate your thoughts and ideas

B. Use the address elements and salutations used by your business associate's culture

C. Eliminate the use of such phrases as "a day late and a dollar short."

D. Increase the use of transitional words to help your reader follow your thought

25. What is the overall purpose of the information presented on "Reading in business"?

A. To understand the challenges and potential opportunities of intercultural communication

B. To provide an analysis of the ethical and legal issues of doing business globally

C. To understand the importance of customizing verbal and written correspondence for international companies

D. To learn how to help others adapt to different cultures

Answer the following questions as True or False. A= True B = False

26. It is possible to learn information regarding other cultures both directly and indirectly

27. People in high-context cultures explicitly share their expectations verbally

28. Non-verbal communication is a reliable guide for communicators to determine the meaning of a message

29. Employees from the same country may vary in cultural values due to the age differences

30. There is a law that prohibits companies from banning their employees from forming organized religious activities at their facilities.