QUESTION 1

Successfully addressing the challenges of sustainable tourism in protected areas requires strong co-operation among all parties, especially tour operators who have undergone sustained criticism with respect to mass tourism

(a) Explain the concept of sustainable tourism and describe the fundamental characteristics of a sustainable tourism strategy

(b) As future tourism planners, mention any five advices you would propose to mass tour operators in the quest of sustaining any locally protected area of your choice. Support your answer with examples

QUESTION 2

(a) Describe the concept "Community-Based Tourism" (CBT) and relate the importance of the community in relation to Sustainable Development by supporting your answer with relevant CBT examples in Mauritius

(b) Jamal and Getz (1995) argue that to achieve sustainability, stakeholders must work together to meet common objectives. Explain the importance of understanding and taking this statement in relation to CBT developments and explore the common weaknesses that can be faced when implementing the CBT concept

QUESTION 3

(a) Differentiate between the term Circumstantial Alternative tourism (CAT) and Deliberate Alternative Tourism (DAT). Justify your answer with relevant examples from the Mauritian tourism industry

(b) In relation to the evolution of tourism from mass tourism to alternative forms of tourism discuss the relevance of eco-tourism and sustainable tourism

QUESTION 4

(a) Critically compare the terms Mass Tourism and Alternative Tourism. In relation to any developing island state provide a relevant example to support your answers

(b) Using Mauritius as example of a tourist destination which has been flourishing over the past years, critically discuss how so far mass tourism in the local context has failed in promoting the concept of sustainability

QUESTION 5

(a) In addition to the traditional beach-based tourism, there has been significant increase in travel to cultural and nature based destinations. This trend has called upon the emergence of a new terminology and a new concept, that of Responsible tourism. In relation to the concept of sustainable tourism, describe and explain the term responsible tourism

(b) The Green Globe (21) program was established by the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) with the aim of implementing the Agenda 21 principles defined at the Rio Earth Summit (1992). It is now acclaimed as the most comprehensive accreditation scheme which has been developed for the certification of tourism sustainability

I) Describe the specific goals of Green Globe 21

II) Critically elaborate over the main priority action areas of Green Globe 21 and show how the latter can make substantial contribution towards the cause of sustainability