Question 1
Oxytocin is secreted by the:
endocrine gland.
adrenal gland.
pineal gland.
pituitary gland.

Question 2
Hormones are produced primarily by:
epithelial cells.
stem cells.
glands.
neurons.

Question 3
Which of the following best describes the position of most psychologists today on the nature-nurture issue?
Nature and nurture interact to produce both our psychological and physical traits.
Nature is more important in producing our physical traits, whereas nurture is more important in producing our psychological traits.
Nature is more important in producing our psychological traits, whereas nurture is more important in producing our physical traits.
Some of our psychological traits are produced primarily by nature and some by nurture, but nature is most important in producing our physical traits.

Question 4
A nativist would claim that the chief determining factor of behavior and other psychological traits is:
operant conditioning.
classical conditioning.
the parent-child relationship.
heredity.

Question 5
__________ is an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behavior and personality.
Behavioral genetics
Evolutionary psychology
Empiricism
Functionalism

Question 6
The __________ receives, processes, interprets, and stores incoming information from the senses and also sends out messages destined for muscles, glands, and internal organs.
cardiovascular system
central nervous system
endocrine system
lymphatic system

Question 7
All of the cells of the human body (except for sperm and ova cells) contain _______________ chromosomes.
23
46
23,000
46,000

Question 8
In the past, psychologists who emphasized the role of inborn characteristics on human behavior were called:
empiricists.
behaviorists.
nativists.
psychoanalysts.

Question 9
Cognitive neuroscientists focus on:
the biological foundations of consciousness, perception, memory, and language.
processes such as attachment and attitudes.
the nervous system's involvement in emotion, motivation, and stress.
the anatomical structure of the brain.

Question 10
Empiricists would agree that:
experience can write virtually any message on the blank slate of human nature.
an impulse for young mammals to play and fool around may be biologically adaptive.
just as a bird is designed to fly, human beings are designed to use language.
men are genetically wired to be promiscuous and women to be monogamous.

Question 11
Researchers working on the Human Genome Project identified the sequence of nearly all 3 billion bases.
True
False

Question 12
The peripheral nervous system is a collection of neurons and supportive tissue running from the base of the brain down the center of the back.
True
False

Question 13
Genes, the basic units of heredity, are located on chromosomes.
True
False

Question 14
Melatonin is secreted by the pituitary gland.
True
False

Question 15
Almost all human characteristics result from an interaction of nature and nurture, rather than from either by itself.
True
False

Question 16
Heredity and environment always interact to produce the qualities typical of human beings.
True
False

Question 17
"Junk DNA" has no real function and is not biologically important.
True
False

Question 18
The functional units of heredity that specify the structure of proteins are called genes.
True
False

Question 19
Transcranial magnetic stimulation uses a powerful magnetic field in order to temporarily inactivate neural circuits in the brain.
True
False

Question 20
Neither nature nor nurture can completely explain human similarities and differences.
True
False