Question 1
Organizational control and discipline is maintained by [x].

Question 2
According to the Souryal text, moral schizophrenia in the workplace:
a. is therapeutic
b. leads to strain
c. is inevitable
d. is nonexistent
e. None of the above

Question 3
Proponents of personal loyalty to superiors argue that it is good for all of the following except:
a. It strengthens institutional responsibility.
b. It weakens institutional responsibility.
c. It impedes organizational disloyalty.
d. It promotes institutional integrity.

Question 4
The duty-based thesis is based on which of the following philosopher's ethical theory?
a. Immanuel Kant
b. Friedrich Nietzsche
c. Thomas Hobbes
d. Jeremy Bentham

Question 5
Advocates of moral order in criminal justice emphasize which of the following?
a. Principles of humanity
b. Principles of fairness
c. Principles of pragmatism
d. Principles of righteousness

Question 6
According to Dershowitz, the percentage of criminal cases (at the felony level) that eventually go to trial in most communities is:
a. 1 percent
b. 3 percent
c. 6 percent
d. 20 percent

Question 7
The bizarre and contradictory environment of policing results in which of the following problems?
a. Obsession with guns and technology
b. Creation of politically savvy managers to administer politically-motivated programs
c. Occupational stress
d. All of the above
e. A and C

Question 8
The police are required to initiate the criminal justice process for all offenses.
True
False

Question 9
Which of the following are reasons the public fear the police?
a. Physical fear
b. Imaginary fear
c. Ghost fear
d. Escape fear
e. Anticipatory fear

Question 9
Which of the following is not a reason why police appear uncommitted to democratic values?
a. Most are employed at a young age without any real experience with democracy.
b. Most grew up in undemocratic environments.
c. Many are hired right out of the military where rigid thinking and top-down command are the norm.
d. Most grew up in churches where the clergy and elders demanded strict adherence to religious edicts.

Question 10
The Souryal text states that the "summon bonum of a civilized society" is:
a. the dignity of man
b. individualism
c. equality
d. government

Question 11
Which of the following values is not identified by Westermann and Burfeind as being of great significance to American policing?
a. freedom
b. loyalty
c. equality
d. diversity

Question 12
The two broad categories of police corruption are Blank 1 and Blank 2 .

Question 13
Which ethical theory best reinforces truthfulness at every level of the criminal justice process?
Kant's Duty and Reason
Bentham's Utilitarianism
Paul Sartre's Extensionalism
None of the Above

Question 14
Police corruption is an occupational hazard.
True
False

Question 15
According to Jetmore, the summun bonum of the police culture is loyalty to fellow police officers.
True
False
Question 16
According to Jetmore, which of the following would not be considered an ethical dilemma for police?
a. An officer who sees his partner who is a close friend commit an illegal act and not know what to do
b. An officer who is offered free movie tickets from a grateful citizen but not sure whether to take them
c. To give a distraught child who has witnessed a heinous a crime a stuffed animal or leave the child alone
d. To give mouth-to-mouth to a homeless person who isn't breathing but known to have AIDS
e. To obey orders from your supervisor even though you know those orders are illegal

Question 17
Jetmore calls a group of "true warriors" who together "light the path and pound the drums so 'shooting stars' and 'comets can find their shadows and their way back to the path" a [x].

Question 18
Match the principle with its definition.
-a.b.c.d.
Retribution
-a.b.c.d.
Preventive
-a.b.c.d.
Deterrence
-a.b.c.d.
Rebabilitation
a. Prisoners should be reformed so they can become upstanding members of society on their release.
b. Criminals deserve to be punished for their crimes.
c. If a criminal is incapacitated then he can do no harm during imprisonment.
d. Lengthy sentences and harsh prison conditions can persuade people from committing crimes.

Question 19
The Latin term for the law of retaliation is {x}.

Question 20
Which of the following is not a Quaker objection to the punitive nature of American prisons.
a. The idea that the mentally ill and under-age should not be punished for their crimes.
b. The authoritarian idea that the white middle-class know what is in the best interest o minorities and the poor.
c. Tough policies and methods of imprisonment diminish the development of other humanitarian alternatives.
d. The punitive nature of imprisonment only leads to more violence.

Question 21
Which is not shown by studies to be a reason why inmates are brutal?
a. Inmates feel powerless and are bored and frustrated.
b. Inmates are allowed to play too many violent electronic and online games.
c. Violence is a part of prison life.
d. Punishment doesn't deter or rehabilitate inmates.
e. All of the above

Question 22
The idea that crime is ubiquitous, adapts to changing cultures, spreads rapidly, and remains dormant when confronted by persons with stronger immune defenses supports the:
a. scapegoating analogy
b. deterrence analogy
c. virus analogy
d. born-again analogy

Question 23
Souryal refers to those who get away with crime as?
a. Scapegoated Criminals
b. Shadow Criminals
c. Unconvicted Criminals
d. None of the above

Question 24
The concept that addresses the soul of the inmate and tries to change inmates from the inside out is known as [x].

Question 25
The public is more concerned about a prison inmate being mistreated than a criminal suspect.
True
False

Question 26
The work strategies of probation and parole officers include which of the following?
a. Interrogation of suspects
b. Advocating clients' rights
c. Sting Operations
d. Brokering resources for clients' benefitsDeter
e. Skills development of clients

Question 27
Which of the following does not contribute to the "borderless community"?
a. Probation and parole officers are underpaid.
b. Probation and parole officers are not well-educated.
c. The public perceives probation and parole as ineffective.
d. Policymakers politicalize probation and parole through illegitimate measures to reduce overcrowded prisons.

Question 28
What is the greatest benefit of community-based corrections from the perspective of its advocates?
a. Freedom from incarceration
b. Cost-effectiveness
c. Family relationships
d. a and c
e. a, b and c

Question 29
What proposal did Morris and Tonry make concerning the problem of contemporary probation?
a. Inner corrections
b. Abolition
c. Faith-based programs
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

Question 30
The severity view of von Hirsch is based on the assumption that:
a. community-based corrections may not be effective
b. community-based corrections are expensive
c. community-based corrections may not be benign
d. community-based corrections are not important

Question 31
Which of the following are considered a main system of electronic monitoring?
a. Active monitoring
b. Passive monitoring
c. Global Positioning System
d. Tracking

Question 32
Match the typologies of probation and parole officers with its summum bonum.
-a.b.c.d.
Punitive/Law Enforcement
-a.b.c.d.
Welfare/Therapeutic
-a.b.c.d.
Passive/Time Server
-a.b.c.d.
Combined Model
a. Little interest in either community or client
b. The rehabilitation of the client
c. Balances interests of client and community
d. The interests of the community

Question 33
The focus of Sayoural's book is on which two of the following fundamental concepts?
a. Expanding enlightenment and minimizing civility
b. Expanding enlightenment and maximizing civility
c. Contracting enlightenment and maximizing civility
d. Contracting enlightenment and minimizing civility

Question 34
In Souryal's text, [x] is a function of the organic confluence of enlightment and civility.

Question 35
Souryal compares enlightened thinking to:
a. A football game
b. The emptying of a drain
c. A parachute jump
d. A roller coaster

Question 39
Which of the following is not one of O'Toole's characteristics of civility?
a. Trust
b. Assert Yourself
c. Integrity/Fairness
d. Respect
e. Listening