Question 1

At what age is it typical for a child to begin testing the word "no"?

A. Infant
B. Preschooler
C. Toddler
D. School age

Question 2

When using a constructivist approach to discipline, providing age-appropriate __________ for children is a way to show respect for them.

A. discipline
B. friends
C. choices
D. toys

Question 3

Missing __________ skills are the single most common cause of discipline problems.

A. debate
B. reasoning
C. behavioral
D. social

Question 4

Which question below can help a teacher or caregiver determine why a child is misbehaving?

A. What will this child's consequence for misbehavior be?
B. Does this child need help with communication skills?
C. How long should this child stay in time out?
D. Is this child following classroom rules?

Question 5

In order for children to master prosocial behavior, they must obtain and maintain friendships. The first step in this is:

A. learning to successfully enter play.
B. caring how your actions affect others.
C. willingness to work at perspective-taking.
D. prosocial behavior.

Question 6

Mrs. Runion is changing 2-year-old Caitlyn's diaper. Mrs. Runion asks Caitlyn to get the diaper from the stack and hold it until Mrs. Runion is ready to use it. During the diaper change, Mrs. Runion talks to Caitlyn about the day, what they will be doing that afternoon, and thanks Caitlyn for handing her the diaper. Mrs. Runion's goal is to:

A. demand obedience from Caitlyn.
B. use diapering time as a teachable moment.
C. show mutual respect to Caitlyn.
D. teach Caitlyn dependence on caregivers.

Question 7

In order to help children feel they have some personal power over their world, it is important to offer them choices and to say "__________" to them as seldom as possible.

A. no
B. yes
C. because I said so
D. maybe

Question 8

Physical movement increases __________ to the brain, helping children think well and focus better.

A. blood flow
B. carbon dioxide
C. vitamin C
D. antioxidants

Question 9

Autonomy and heteronomy are:

A. the same.
B. opposites.
C. similar in adults but not in children.
D. antiquated terms no longer used in education.

Question 10

A __________ approach to discipline emphasizes rewards and punishments to mold behavior.

A. constructivist
B. maturationist
C. democratic
D. behaviorist

Question 11

According to the authors of your textbook, teachers and caregivers should help children learn responsibility for their __________ and how to make wise choices.

A. punishment
B. classroom
C. belongings
D. behavior

Question 12

Which one of the following basic ideas is the foundation for the development of moral autonomy in children?

A. Mutual respect between adult and child
B. Children in full obedience of adults
C. Giving children rewards for good behavior
D. Solving children's arguments for them

Question 13

The goal of the behaviorist theory of discipline is:

A. complete independence.
B. individual development.
C. moral autonomy.
D. obedience.

Question 14

The goals of discipline should be a positive self-concept, self-discipline, and:

A. obedience.
B. moral autonomy.
C. punishment.
D. manipulation.

Question 15

A child's ability to control and regulate his/her __________ plays a big role in exhibiting acceptable behaviors.

A. friends
B. emotions
C. teachers
D. environment

Question 16

Mrs. Spencer is noticing behavior problems during her pre-school circle time. The group time starts well, and children listen to the story, but she cannot get children to behave for the entire 30-minute lesson after the story. This is probably because the children:

A. do not like circle time.
B. do not like Mrs. Spencer.
C. are being asked to sit too long.
D. cannot understand the story.

Question 17

Young children believe rules are sacred because:

A. they want to please their parents or other adult caregivers.
B. they are imposed by adults.
C. Both a and b
D. Neither a nor b

Question 18

Which statement about positive and negative attention is TRUE?

A. Giving a child negative attention will create a well-rounded adult who is confident.
B. A child who seeks positive attention will never try to get negative attention.
C. Positive and negative attention must be given equally in order for children to develop properly.
D. Many children who are not given positive attention for good behavior will misbehave to get negative attention.

Question 19

Knowing how we feel about who we are and what we can do is:

A. self-concept.
B. self-worth.
C. self-esteem.

Question 20

In which of Erikson's stages do children typically learn to read, write, think quantitatively, and work cooperatively?

A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Industry vs. Inferiority.