Question: 1. What are cultural considerations when working with clients in the substance use disorder field? What first steps might you take with these clients? Explain the rationale for your choices in your response.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.7.b. Methods of effectively preparing for and conducting initial assessment meetings.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

2. What are the dominant cultural features found within Native American homes, and how do Native Americans shape their response to the broader American society?

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.a. Multicultural and pluralistic characteristics within and among diverse groups nationally and internationally.

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.2.c. Multicultural counseling competencies.

2.F.2.d. The impact of heritage, attitudes, beliefs, understandings, and acculturative experiences on an individual's views of others.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

3. How is substance use viewed in the Hispanic/Latino culture?

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.a. Multicultural and pluralistic characteristics within and among diverse groups nationally and internationally.

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.2.c. Multicultural counseling competencies.

2.F.2.d. The impact of heritage, attitudes, beliefs, understandings, and acculturative experiences on an individual's views of others.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

4. How do early personal experiences influence the positive or negative ethnic identity of persons of color? Can you think of a best example? Provide a scholarly reference to support your response.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.d. The impact of heritage, attitudes, beliefs, understandings, and acculturative experiences on an individual's views of others.

2.F.2.f. Help-seeking behaviors of diverse clients.

2.F.2.g. The impact of spiritual beliefs on clients' and counselors' worldviews.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

5. What healthy family and community support conditions are associated with increased self-efficacy and self-esteem in children of color who face racism? Provide at least one scholarly reference to support your response.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.d. The impact of heritage, attitudes, beliefs, understandings, and acculturative experiences on an individual's views of others.

2.F.2.h. Strategies for identifying and eliminating barriers, prejudices, and processes of intentional and unintentional oppression and discrimination.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

85) Adapt counseling strategies to the individual characteristics of the client, including (but not limited to): disability, gender, sexual orientation, developmental level, acculturation, ethnicity, age, and health status.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

121) Conduct culturally appropriate self-evaluations of professional performance, applying ethical, legal, and professional standards to enhance self-awareness and performance.

6. How do racial, social, political, and religious attitudes affect the counselor's perception and treatment of clients? How could the Christian worldview/chosen religious beliefs help with providing treatment to diverse populations?

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.8.i. Analysis and use of data in counseling.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

121) Conduct culturally appropriate self-evaluations of professional performance, applying ethical, legal, and professional standards to enhance self-awareness and performance.

7. Explain how mental health and addiction therapy are viewed in various cultures. Give at least two examples.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.8.i. Analysis and use of data in counseling.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

85) Adapt counseling strategies to the individual characteristics of the client, including (but not limited to): disability, gender, sexual orientation, developmental level, acculturation, ethnicity, age, and health status.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

121) Conduct culturally appropriate self-evaluations of professional performance, applying ethical, legal, and professional standards to enhance self-awareness and performance.

8. How should a culturally competent counselor approach the processes of assessment and diagnosis when dealing with clients from minority populations? Support your answer with at least one scholarly reference.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standard: 2.F.7.h. Reliability and validity in the use of assessments.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

9. Provide an example of cultural bias in counseling/psychological research and support your answer with at least one scholarly reference.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standard: 2.F.7.h. Reliability and validity in the use of assessments.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one's personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.