Question 1. Probability values are
always more than 1.0
always positive numbers
only calculated for one-tailed tests
always expressed as a fraction
Question 2. An introductory psychology class has 9 freshman males, 15 freshman females, 8 sophomore males, and 12 sophomore females. If one student is randomly selected from this class, how would you calculate the probability of him or her being a sophomore?
16/44
16/43
20/44
Question 3. The probability of any event P(E) is calculated by ____.
determining the percentage of possible events
dividing the number of outcomes favorable to E by the total number of possible outcomes
using the probability table
cannot be determined without additional information
Question 4. In a study to determine the effectiveness of a new medication ____.
committing a Type I Error would be more dangerous than committing a Type II Error
committing a Type II Error would be more dangerous than committing a Type I Error
neither error would be much of a problem
it depends on the sample size and the standard deviation
Question 5. For a population with a mean of 80 and a standard deviation of 10, what is the Z score corresponding to an individual score of 95?
+0.25
+0.50
+0.75
+1.50
Question 6. Snowball sampling is ____.
a special nonprobability method
used when the desired sample characteristic is extremely rare
relies on referrals from initial subjects
all of the above are correct
Question 7. The shape of the normal distribution ____.
depends on the size of the distribution
is "bell shaped"
is always higher on the right side than the left
is asymmetrical
Question 8. For a distribution of scores, which of the following Z score values represents the location closest to the mean?
Z equals +0.50
Z equals +1.00
Z equals -1.00
Z equals -2.00
Question 9. If the researcher's alternative hypothesis stated, "females in this test will score higher than males" ____.
this would be a two-tailed test
it would be too early to make that statement
this would be a null hypothesis
this would be a one-tailed test