Question 1. How has theology impacted personality theory?

Religion makes assumptions about good and evil, as well as about which traits we should strive for, and these have been incorporated into personality theories.

Many of today's DSM personality disorders borrow heavily from Buddhist texts describing people who failed to find a path to enlightenment.

Religion can greatly alter an individual's personality.

Religious concepts, such as the Buddhist concept of mindfulness, are rejected by serious clinicians.

Question 2. How is the concept of "traits" related to the "big five" factors of personality? 
Both part of psychodynamic theory.

Traits are stable, enduring qualities, but the "big five" factors of personality can vary widely throughout the lifespan.

Traits are the more specific constructs that make up the "big five" factors of personality.

Wilhelm Wundt argued that traits and the "big five" factors of personality are the building blocks of personality.

Question 3. Which statistical method is the most important and among the most frequently used in personality research today? 
meta-analysis

factor analysis

multivariate analysis

random analysis

Question 4.  Which theorist introduced systemic eclecticism, the systematic attempt to integrate various psychological theories? 
William James

Gordon Allport

Henry Murray

Charles Darwin

Question 5. Which theoretical orientation asserts that differences in behavior and personality can be attributed to differences in brain activation? 
trait

evolutionary

interpersonal/relational

neurobiological

Question 6. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) is an example of which type of assessment? 
objective test

structured interview

projective test

subjective test

Question 7. Freud called any group of symptoms typified by anxiety and some degree of social maladjustment a(n) 
neurosis.

defense mechanism.

obsession.

transference.

Question 8. All of the following examples would be considered a psychodynamic method of assessment EXCEPT  the Thematic Apperception test.

the Rorschach Inkblot test.

the Word Association task.

the Dream Association test.

Question 9. Freud stated that the id is a _____ process. Because of this, it operates on the _____ principle, seeking to avoid pain and maximize pleasure. 
secondary; pleasure

primary; pleasure

tertiary; satisfaction

self-fulfilling; satisfaction

Question 10. Karen Horney's reinterpretation of penis envy stated that   women were not envious of the anatomical structure but rather the social advantage that came with it.

women were not just envious of a man's penis but also of the generally stronger physical bodies of men.

men were also envious of women's breasts and their ability to nurse their children.

men were also envious of women's ability to create and deliver life.

Question 11. Which of the following is NOT one of the central tenants of psychoanalytic theory?  Human behavior is driven by sexual and aggressive instincts.

All human beings have intrinsic worth and pure motivation.

People experience conflict, both between the individual and society and within the individual.

All significant aspects of psychological functioning are unknown to the individual.

Question 12. In psychodynamic theory, the ego is the psychic structure responsible for mediating between the primal urges and societal constraints placed on the person.

satisfying primal urges.

unrealistically high expectations placed on the person's id and superego.

setting oneself up as better than other individuals.

Question 13. Today, symptoms of what Freud described as hysteria may manifest as _____ or somatoform disorders. 
anxiety

mood

psychotic

dissociative

Question 14. Object-relations theorists suggest that adult patients who experienced emotional or physical neglect as young children typically report that they feel 
a lack of judgment.

violent urges.

narcissistic tendencies.

a deep emptiness.

Question 15. Erikson might argue that higher depression and suicide rates among adults 80 years of age and older reflects  issues associated declining health.

issues associated with the loss of a spouse.

negative outcomes in the integrity versus despair stage.

negative outcomes in the generativity versus stagnation stage.

Question 16. How does research suggest that humiliation can damage the brain? 
It disrupts the Mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway.

It results in acute stress, leading to release of cortisol.

It results in abnormal cell structure in the amygdale.

It results in synapse damage that restricts brain development.

Question 17. Kohut believed that most psychopathology resulted from 
deficiencies in the structure of the self.

an abusive childhood.

intrapsychic conflicts.

early sexual experiences.

Question 18. Erikson coined the term _____ to describe the changes and challenges to our sense of self that develop in adolescence. 
identity crisis

self-concept

social stigma

angst

Question 19.  In normal child development, the step following _____ is _____. 
individuation; symbiosis

symbiosis; individuation

autonomy; isolation

separation; symbiosis

Question 20. For Freud, the presence of aggression is normal; whereas for Winnicott, the presence of aggression indicates 
an attachment problem.

gender confusion.

extreme narcissism.

a brain malfunction.