Question 1 : Which prison system was known as the congregate system?
a. New Jersey system
b. Auburn system
c. Pennsylvania system
d. Newbern system

Question 2 : When did the concept of incarcerating convicted offenders as a form of punishment become the norm for corrections?
a. During biblical times
b.14thcentury
c.17thcentury
d.19thcentury

Question 3 : The Pennsylvania system in corrections, was the first to take the radical step of what?:
a. Creating a specific gang intervention program
b. Creating dormitory type spaces for inmates to stay
c. Placing each inmate in a single cell
d. Placed inmates in pre-release work

Question 4 : In the federal system, prosecutors are appointed by whom?
a. Congress
b. The Senate
c. The President
d. The U.S. Supreme Court

Question 5 : Which of the following would not constitute a specialty court?
a. Probate court
b. Circuit court
c. Drug court
d. Mental health court

Question 6 : What is the duty of a defense lawyer to his client and the legal system?
a. To participate in the courtroom workgroup
b. To fully and competently defend his client
c. To engage in the pursuit of justice
d. To represent the state

Question 7 : If you are charged with the crime of armed robbery, your trial would take place in which type of court?
a. A court of limited jurisdiction
b. A court of general jurisdiction
c. An appellate court
d. A specialty court

Question 8 : This therapy assumes that most people can become conscious of their own thoughts and behaviors and then make positive changes.
a. Cognitive behavioral therapy
b. Motivational suspicions
c. Youth finding boundaries
d. All of the above

Question 9 : In ____, the Supreme Court held that a probationer's home may be searched without a warrant on the grounds that probation departments "must respond quickly to evidence of misconduct."
a. United States v. Weeks
b. Minnesota v. Murphy
c. Griffin v. Wisconsin
d. United Sates v. Knights

Question 10 : Probation sentences involve;
a. A contract between the prison and the offender where they are released early
b. Rules or conditions mandated by the prison
c. A deserving suspect
d. A deserving defendant

Question 11 : The effect of intoxication upon criminal liability depends on:
a. the type of intoxicant used.
b. whether the defendant uses drugs or alcohol voluntarily.
c. whether the consumption of intoxicant began prior to the crime.
d. whether the defendant has prior convictions

Question 12 : Intoxication and age are examples of what?
a. Legal defenses used to negate the required proof ofmens rea
b. Legal defenses that negate the required proof ofactus reus
c. Defenses based on double jeopardy
d. Legal defenses based on a presumption of conclusive incapacitation

Question 13 : The term actus reus refers to the:
a. measurement of mental ability
b. exclusion of omission
c. guilty person
d. guilty act

Question 14 : Which standard solely considers whether the accused is able to distinguish right from wrong?
a. The Durham rule
b. The substantial capacity test
c. The M'Naghten rule
d. The irresistible impulse test

Question 15 : Which of the following is an advantage of diversion programs?
a. It allows the offender to postpone prison/jail time until diversion completion
b. Rehabilitation services can be accessed while in the community.
c. The cost is higher but so is the success rate
d. diversion allows the inmate out of their cell for longer lengths of time

Question 16 : It is unlikely that plea bargaining will be eliminated in the future because it:
a. ensures even-handed justice in the system.
b. eases the pressure of congested caseloads.
c. encourages defendants to waive their rights.
d. results in sentencing disparity.

Question 17 : Which of the following is a pretrial procedure?
a. Bail
b. Arraignment
c. Plea negotiation
d. All of these

Question 18 : Some scholars contend that bail is problematic because it:
a. is a weak incentive to show up to court.
b. creates fear and coercion in the defendant.
c. is discriminatory to the poor.
d. is not guaranteed under the law

Question 19 : What was the principle factor that shaped the punishment of criminals in the sixteenth century?
a. The spread of the black plague and the social hysteria that came with it
b. The shift from a stable to a wandering nomadic way of life
c. Sharp increases in the crime rate
d. The changing labor markets that stemmed from urbanization and colonization

Question 20 : "Let the sentence fit the criminal" best describes the basic philosophy of:
a. determinate sentencing.
b. mandatory minimums.
c. fixed terms.
d. indeterminate sentencing

Question 21 : Which of the following factors is not a legitimate consideration in setting the length of a prison term?
a. The severity of the offense
b. Whether the offender used a weapon
c. Whether the crime was committed for money
d. The offender's age

Question 22 : Which of the following statements is true?
a. Eighty-eight countries and territories have abolished the death penalty for allcrimes.
b. Twenty-nine counties retain the death penalty in law but have not carried out anyexecutions for the past ten years or more.
c. Since 1994 there have been twenty executions of juvenile offenders, includingthirteen in the United States.
d. All of these statements are true

Question 23 : Which of the following is not true about the sexual exploitation of female inmates?
a. The acts are usually perpetrated by male members of the prison staff.
b. The acts usually go unreported.
c. Most of the acts are consensual due to isolation and loneliness.
d. The majority of states have passed laws criminalizing staff sexual misconduct

Question 24 : Which type of case is most likely to be referred to the juvenile court by the police officer?
A minor dispute between juveniles
b. School and neighborhood complaints
c. Cases involving violence
d. Petty shoplifting

Question 25 : The modern practice of legally separating adult criminals and juvenile offenders can be traced back to two developments in English custom and law that occurred centuries ago, one of which is/are
The Carriers case
b. Chancery Courts
c. In re Gault
d. Parens Patriae