Question 1 : A _____ is an attribute that discredits individuals because it overshadows other attributes and merits the individual may possess.

stigma

stereotype

typecast

character flaw

Question 2 : The practice of spatially or socially segregating people on the basis of race or ethnicity is referred to as:

Expulsion

Apartheid

Exclusion

Segregation

Question 3 : The coexistence of different racial and ethnic groups characterized by acceptance and respect for one another's differences is referred to as:

Cultural relativism

Social tolerance

Cultural pluralism

Ethnic pluralism

Question 4 : The study of communities and their social status, practices, and problems to understand patterns of health and disease is referred to as:

Racial medical history

Social epidemiology

Sociobiology

Social immunology

Question 5 : Less powerful groups who are dominated politically and economically by a dominant group are referred to as:

Racial groups

Ethnic groups

Minorities

Socially marginalized groups

Question 6 : Patriarchy refers to:

Any set of social relationships in which men dominate women

The belief that one sex is innately superior to the other, and is therefore justified in having a dominant social position

The belief that men should be the breadwinner and make all important household decisions

A political system in which women are not allowed to vote or hold office

Question 7 : Women's inequality is primarily the result of imperfect institutions, which can be corrected by reforms that do not fundamentally alter society itself. This statement reflects the beliefs of:

Socialist feminism

Liberal feminism

Radical feminism

Multicultural feminism

Question 8 : Which of the following is considered the "factory of gendered personalities"?

Family

Peer groups

Religion

The workplace

Question 9 : How early do sociologists believe parents begin socializing their children into gender?

When they begin school

When they begin to talk

At birth, sometimes even in utero

Parents do not socialize their children according to gender

Question 10 : Standpoint epistemology, a philosophical perspective that what we can know is affected by the position we occupy in society, is a major tenet of:

Black feminist thought

Marxist sociology

Functionalism

Oppression theory

Question 11 : In post-industrial societies, serial monogamy describes which of the following?

Marriage to more than one person

Divorce and remarriage

Extramarital affairs

Marriage to only one person

Question 12 : According to Nancy Chodorow women, are socialized to be _____, seeking close bonds and defining themselves through relationships.

interpersonal

social

nurturing

relational

Question 13 : Families characterized by parents living with their biological children and apart from other kin are referred to as:

Traditional

Biological

Nuclear

Extended

Question 14 : In pre-industrial societies, which of the following marriage patterns was most common?

Polygamy

Polygyny

Polyandry

Monogamy

Question 15 : What expression does Talcott Parsons use to describe the family?

Factory of socialization

Socialization factories

Factory of personalities

Sites of socialization

Question 16 : On which of the following points do conflict and functionalist theorists agree?

A high school degree is necessary for equal opportunity.

Education channels individuals into positions for which they are best suited.

Education trains people in the dominant norms and values of society.

Education reproduces social inequality.

Question 17 : _____ refers to the education of racial minorities in schools that are geographically, economically, and/or socially separated from those attended by the racial majority.

Educational discrimination

Racial tracking

School segregation

Racial inequality

Question 18 : The transmission of society's norms, values, and knowledge base by means of direct instruction is referred to as:

Socialization

Acculturation

Education

Internship training

Question 19 : Which of the following is an example of the sociological term "moral education"?

Fifth graders learning about laws and rights.

Kindergartners learning how to behave in class.

Children learning to read biblical literature.

High school students learning about inequality

Question 20 : Which of the following is an example of a symbolic interactionist approach to studying education issues?

Analyzing data about the relationship between education status and income

Observing how certain students perform in class after being labeled as "exceptional"

Studying patterns of racial segregation in public education

Studying the reproduction of inequality in mass education

Question 21 : An item believed to have acquired transcendent or magical qualities connecting humans with the divine is known as:

Icon

Ritual

Totem

Sacred object

Question 22 : Max Weber's concept of the "routinization of charisma" can be described as:

The institutionalization of a charismatic leader's beliefs into an organized religious structure

The loss of the charismatic figure from whose life a religion was born

The use of prescribed, tried-and-true techniques by a "charismatic" leader to achieve a mass following

The use of modern technology, such as radio, Internet, and television, to evangelize

Question 23 : Shared beliefs, values, norms, ideas, institutions, and organizations that create a common identity among a group of people is referred to as:

Culture

Society

Education

Religion

Question 24 : A system of common beliefs and rituals centered on "sacred things" that unites believers and provides a sense of meaning and purpose is referred to as:

Culture

Society

Education

Religion

Question 25 : The idea that religions can be understood as organizations in competition with one another for followers is known as:

Religious rivalry

Sacred economy

Religious bureacratization

Religious economy