Probation and Parole Study Guide
Which of the following is a type of problem-solving court that focuses on defendants with needs relating to substance addiction and dependency?
Night court
Sex offender courts
Drug court
Diversionary court
There are seven measures that Allen (2011) identified as "mechanisms" through which justice reinvestment initiatives might reduce demand for imprisonment. Which of the following is NOT one of those seven mechanisms?
Increase taxes to help pay for better prison conditions
Decrease the number of revocations to prison currently observed in community supervision
Increase diversion from prosecution
Reduce the number of persons sentenced to short prison terms in favor of community supervision
What is it called when an offender transitions away from criminal pathways within desistance theories?
Formalized social controls
Criminal prescience
Labeling theory
Knifing off
Based on the Jalbert and colleagues (2010) article, which of the following is a likely consequence of reduced caseloads?
Reduced recidivism
More revocations due to technical violations
Fewer hours of treatment
Greater risk assessment scores
What is the name of the theory that points to community destabilization through constant population turnover as a contributing factor in crime in the communities most affected by mass incarceration?
Coercive Mobility Theory
Hybrid Theoretical Models
Temperance Models
Labeling Theory
Which of the following offenders would be eligible for a problem-solving court discussed in lecture? Hint: Don't read any additional information into these examples that is not explicitly stated here.
Darren, a homeless veteran, has alcohol dependence and has committed misdemeanor larceny
Lawrence, a father or two, gets a speeding tick on his way to work
Katrina, a teenage, stabs a stranger to death and claims self-defense
Tammy, a middle-aged in-home nurse, is asked to testify against her client
Which one of the following represents one of the major problems Kleiman (2011) notes for community supervision?
Inconsistent sanctioning of violations
Parole systems need to release more inmates
Probation has too much money to sustain evidence-based practices
Police officers are doing too much of the work of community corrections officers
What is the process through which one curbs criminal behavior called?
Persistence
Desistance
Criminology
Routine activities
According to the Grattet and Lin (2016) article, which of the following did NOT influence parole violations in their study?
Markers of criminal dangerousness for individual parolees
Parolee behaviors
Public attitudes about parolees in general
Amount of parole supervision