PLEASE REBUTTAL AND ANSWER EACH OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS OR POST STATEMENTS. MUST BE 150 WORDS (PLEASE), WRITE IN 3RD PERSON. ONLY ONE REFERENCE CAN BE USED FOR EACH ANSWER. MUST BE 150 WORDS (PLEASE), WRITE IN 3RD PERSON.PLEASE MAKE SURE TO USE SCHOLARLY PEER REVIEWED ARTICLESAND PLACE EACH REFERENCE USED UNDER EACH ANSWER.
DQ 1
To get us started this week, consider the following. Holden (2005) posited that traditional organizations often engage in linear thinking whereas learning organizations use more cyclic approaches relying on feedback to adjust on continuous basis. How does this define or affect open systems?
Reference:
Holden, L. M. (2005). Complex adaptive systems: Concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52(6), 651-657.
DQ 2
I would agree that learning organizations use more cyclic approaches relying on feedback to adjust on a continous basis. In the theory of an open system from the scholarly articles I have been perusing this approach seems to identify with the open system. In this era of progression that we are currently in organizations are utilizing a more humanistc approach, and relying on feedback from employees, customers, consumers etal to healthy feedback and achieve goals. An example that I found was with a consulting agency, Katz and Kahn, (1978) publication that gave insight into an open system and provided a diagram of the overview of an open system. This diagram aligns wiwth the cyclic approaches that learning organizations are vying for. The Field Guide to Consulting and Organizational Development, is the name of the organization. Please see page 3 attached the diagram of the overview.
Reference
Katz & Kahn (1978) The Social Psychology of Organizations
retrievedfrom:http://www.authenticityconsulting.com
DQ 3
According to (Cummings and Worley,(2009) some factors that create problems for an Open System are availability of human resources, raw materials, customer demands, governmental regulations, competition, the economy, technology and environmental factors. If there is a lack of alignment, then organizations demonstrate inefficiency and ineffectiveness. In essence these factors can create problems for organizations.
Katz and Kahn, (1978) state that in an open system it can only survive if they maintain internal order only so long as they import from the environment more energy than they expend in the process of transformation and exportation. This is an area that can be a problem.
Pondy&Mitroff (1979) in their research referenced Thompson Organizations in Action (1967) in his research found a paradigm that he stated in regards to an Open System that required further research of the theory with a natural system model because of problems found with the open system theory.
There are problems noted with the Open System theory but because of the inputs, processes, outputs, outcomes and feedback that it is a theory that involves people, technology, and considers the external environment is why it is still an acceptable approach for many organizations. This approach works for them and they have a constant flow of information. It appears that the consensus is those organizations that opt for this theory should continue using it.
References
Cummings, T.G. & Worley, C. G. (2009)
Katz & Kahn (1978) The Social Psychology of Organizations
retrievedfrom:http://www.authenticityconsulting.com
Pondy, L.R. and Mitroff, I.I., (1979) Beyond open system models of organization: Research in Organizational Behavior Vol.1, pp.3-39.