Please read the following essay questions carefully and answer them by using your own words. Also, use equations, figures, and graphs.

1. Explain the three laws of thermodynamics? During the semester we have used these laws to understand some concepts; how we apply theses laws in the biogeochemistry?

2. What is the origin of the universe and elements? And how our planet used to be? Explain.

3. The concept of temperature and heat is different? Explain.

4. What are the different between good ozone and bad ozone? And what kinds of greenhouse gasses that cause climate change? Explain.

5. Describe physical and chemical weathering? Then, explain the formation of clay minerals by describing types and processes.

6. What does CEC mean? How does it impact on the distribution of elements? Is there relationship between CEC and soil buffering? Explain.

7. Explain the process of photosynthesis? And how it affects the NPP? (I Opts)

8. Explain the following figures? What does mortality mean? What are your thoughts about the future?

9. How global climate changes impact the soil organic matter?

10. How do roots absorb elements from soil? What are the mechanisms of transferring elements from soil to plants?

11. Explain the annual Intra-system cycle of nutrients? Does the nitrogen cycle affect the intrasystem cycle?

12. What does wetland mean? What are the benefits of having wetlands? and how wetlands impact the water quality?

13. What does redox mean? How does pH affect the redox reactions?

14. What is the classification of lakes? What is the relationship between temperature and density? Does seasonal changing impact lake? Explain.

15. Based on the study in Al-Azraq basin/Jordan, how biogeochemistry answers the questions about the paleoenvironments and paleoclimate?

16. Explain the carbon cycle in lake system? And the affect of anthropogenic on the carbon budget in the lake system?

17. Explain the fate of NPP in the ocean?

18. What are great ocean conveyor belt and biological pump? And what is the relationship between great ocean conveyor belt and biological pump? Is the biological pump affect the atmospheric CO2?

19. Explain the hydrological cycle and how human activities impact the cycle?

20. Draw the carbon cycle with the impact of human activities?

21. Draw the nitrogen cycle with the impact of human activities?

22. Draw the phosphorus cycle with the impact of human activities?

23. Explain the mercury cycle and how it impacts on human health.

Attachment:- brogeochmistry_alias.zip