Pharmacology for Multisystem Application

1.A patient will be receiving extra-strength acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain follow- ing hernia surgery. Which conditions may be of concern if found in the patient's his- tory? (Select all that apply.)

____ 7.
____ 8.
____ 9.
____ 10.

A 5-year-old child reports pain after a tonsillectomy, saying "My throat really hurts." The child is to receive opioids. When medicating this patient, which in- tervention is most appropriate?

A.Use the FLACC scale to determine the child's relative pain intensity.

B.Recognize that many surgical proce- dures are not as painful for children as for adults.

C.Observe for the common side effect of diarrhea, and administer antidiarrhe- als as needed.

D.Use an apnea monitor, pulse oxim- etry, and frequent assessments after medicating the child.

A patient has ingested a large amount of acetaminophen. Which medication will need to be administered to prevent liver damage?

A. Acetylcysteine B.Naloxone C.Naltrexone D. Hydromorphone

A patient has received a parenteral dose of hydromorphone. Thirty minutes later, the patient's respiratory rate is 8 breaths per minute, and the patient is extremely drowsy. Which action should occur first? A.Assess the patient's blood pressure. B.Gently shake the patient's arm.

C. Squeeze the patient's trapezius mus- cle.

D. Apply firm pressure to the nail bed.

A patient is taking an extended-release (ER) dose of hydrocodone to treat cancer pain. The patient is advised to change positions slowly to avoid which common side effect?

A. Drug tolerance B.Respiratory depression C.Hallucinations D.Orthostatic hypotension
____ A. ____ B. ____ C. ____ D. ____ E.
Liver disease History of alcoholism Arthritis Hypothyroidism Kidney disease
____4.A patient states, "I've had this pain for al- most a year and my doctor told me I need to take an antidepressant. What's that for? I'm not depressed!" Which answer is most appropriate?

A. "Maybe you really are depressed and just not aware of it."

B. "Your doctor is concerned you might be addicted to pain medication."

C. "Antidepressants help increase the amount of endorphins in the brain."

D. "You have likely developed a toler- ance to effects of pain medications."
____ 5.A patient is receiving an opioid drug through patient-controlled analgesia.
Which patient assessment finding, if noted, is of most concern? A.A sleeping patient who wakes up when called by name B.Reports of nausea C.Respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute D.Oxygenation saturation of 96% on room air

____ 6.A patient reports feeling nauseated after taking an oral opioid for pain. Which ac- tion is most appropriate? A.Instruct the patient to take the medication with food. B.Tell the patient that the nausea will pass after a few doses. C.Ask the prescriber to order the opioid in an intravenous form. D.Provide the patient with a low-fiber diet.

A patient who is experiencing chronic pain would likely experience what symptoms?