Part A - Essays: Respond to each of the following essay questions in 10-30 sentences. If need divide response into paragraphs for easy reading.

1. Outline a brief history of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). What was the political atmosphere when OSHA was signed into law? What were the basic provisions of the bill? How effective has the act been since it was made law?

2. List and explain powerful factors that converged to disempower organized labor during the 1920's.

3. Discuss the various forms of union security. In this context, be sure to explain different forms of union security, such as the closed shop and the agency shop.

Part B - Answer each of the following in 1-4 complete sentences.

1. What is decertification election? With respect to the objectives of organized labor, how did most of these elections turn out during the 1980's?

2. In 1964, the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) had something to say about GE's practice of Boulwarism. What is Boulwarism, and how was it viewed by the NLRB?

3. You overhear two women talking about their work schedules. One of the women mentions core time. What is core time?

4. When were the first national unions established? What was the context of this development?

5. Briefly differentiate defined benefit pension plans from defined contribution pension plans.

6. In the context of arbitration, define the concept of past practice.

7. What were two significant impacts of the Civil Rights Act of 1991?

8. What is a yellow-dog contract?

9. Section 14b of the Taft-Hartley Act permits states to pass right-to-work laws. What would happen if Section 14b were repealed by Congress? Why?

10. Why do the authors of your textbook compare relationship between the AFL-CIO federation to national unions with the relationship between member states to the Union Nations?Part A - Answer each of the following questions in a composition of 10 to 20 sentences.
1. Consider a Center for Disease Control print ad designed to encourage people to quit smoking that depicts a person in a wheelchair, along with the statement, "You're a STROKE waiting to happen." What principle of attitude change is at work in this ad? How might the use of such a vivid image be effective?

2. A recent married couple expecting their first child is contemplating moving from an apartment and purchasing their first house. What kind of purchase decision does the couple face? Justify your answer and explain the degree of cognitive effort problem solving that's likely to be required, and the implications for information search as well as the factors involved in evaluation information.

3. When introducing a new, technologically advanced digital camera to the marketplace at a cost of $400.00, what three steps might a firm take to overcome the perceived value barrier when consumers compare the price of the new camera of that of older, less expensive ones?

Part B - Answer each of the following items in two or three sentences.
1. What are the most commonly observed factors that determine the extent of a child's influence on his or her parents purchasing decisions?

2. When Toyota and Nissan introduced expensive new models to the marketplace, what strategy did they use to link their cars with other prestigious brands? On what perceptual model did they base their decision?

3. When designing promotional materials for personal-care products such as deodorant soaps and antiperspirants, which personality theory are marketers most likely to draw on and why?

4. How does a person's role within a group differ from his or her status?

5. What factor distinguishes the multistep model of personal influence from the two-step model?

6. What social class do print ads for Jaguar and Porsche aim to reach and why?

7. A recent Pepsi ad depicted multiple images of the Pepsi can labeled in a variety of languages, with the tagline "Fortunately, nothing's lost in transition." What cultural factor does this ad address and how might it be considered effective?

8. How would an airline company use behavioral segmentation to increase profitability?

9. How do Burger King's "Have it your way" jingle, the word association "1-800-M-A-T-T-R-E-S," and the Michelin Tire Man benefit their respective firms?

10. Why are products such as homes, automobiles, clothing, jewelry, and luggage more susceptible to reference group influence than products like salt, waxed paper, and antifreeze?