Once you have completed all assigned readings, discussions, and the activity, you will take the Midterm Exam, which is based on Chapters 1 to 4 and Chapters 6 to 9 of the assigned textbook and the module notes for Modules 1 to 4.

The midterm exam is composed of 4 essay questions corresponding to each of the first four modules of the course.

Complete this exam by answering the following:

• Explain the origin of emergency management and the historical factors that helped lay the foundation for the profession of emergency management. Compare and contrast aspects of emergency management relating to Hurricane Agnes of 1972 and Superstorm Sandy of 2012.
• How does modernization make us more vulnerable not only for common types of disasters, but also new and emerging hazards? What are some examples? Is there anything we can do to prepare for, or mitigate, new and emerging hazards? Explain.
• Think about recent international disasters like the 2010 Haiti earthquake or the 2013 Philippines' typhoon. What can be done to increase preparedness at the international level? How can we reduce the devastating impacts of such disasters?
• How should the response phase be defined, and what are some of the likely activities you would undertake as an emergency manager during that time period?

Keep the following in mind when completing this exam:

• The response to each question must be at least 250 words (one page).
• The exam should be completed in APA format, 1" margins all the way around, double-spaced, with proper citations and references, with a title page.
• The essay questions should be clearly identified in the submission, along with the answers.
• Each essay is equally weighted.
• You must clearly demonstrate critical thinking in your essay answers as well as grammatically correct writing.
• Submit your responses in one MS Word document and place it in the appropriate assignment dropbox for grading.
• The exam is due before the end of this module.

See the Course Calendar for the due date.

Compose your work using a word processor (or other software as appropriate) and save it frequently to your computer. When you're ready to submit your work, click Browse My Computer and find your file. Once you've located your file click Open and, if successful, the file name will appear under the Attached files heading. Scroll to the bottom of the page, click Submit and you're done. Be sure to check your work and correct any spelling or grammatical errors before you post it.

Reference: Phillips, B. D., Neal, D. M., & Webb, G. R. (2012). Introduction to emergency management. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.