Multiple Choice Quiz
1 The forces within a person that affect direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behaviour are known as:
A) empathy.
B) motivation.
C) hygiene factors.
D) relatedness.
E) perception.
2 Which of these is NOT a category of needs identified by Maslow?
A) Self-actualization
B) Safety
C) Power
D) Esteem
E) Belongingness
3 The highest level need in ERG theory is:
A) hygienes.
B) relatedness.
C) affiliation.
D) status.
E) growth.
4 Four-drive theory organizes drives into four categories and states that three of the four drives are:
A) reactive.
B) proactive.
C) dependent on each other.
D) superior to the fourth drive.
E) innate and universal.
5 Which of these is NOT a category of needs identified in the four-drive theory?
A) Drive to bond
B) Drive to exist
C) Drive to acquire
D) Drive to learn
E) Drive to defend
6 A theory developed by David McClelland discusses the following secondary needs that he considered important as sources of motivation.
A) Need for achievement
B) Need for affiliation
C) Need for power
D) All of the above
E) None of the above.
7 Needs/drive-based theories suggest that different people:
A) differ in their needs at any given time.
B) are equally motivated by the same thing.
C) are equally motivated by money.
D) have different needs but their potential should be assessed and dictated by management.
E) have the same needs throughout their careers.
8 Which of these is a theory of motivation based on the idea that work effort is directed toward behaviours that people believe will lead to desired outcomes?
A) Equity theory
B) ERG theory
C) Expectancy theory
D) Four-drive theory
E) Goal setting theory
9 Expectancy theory includes which of the following elements?
A) P --> O
B) O/I > O/I
C) nAch
D) V --> O
E) E --> O
10 According to expectancy theory, the anticipated satisfaction or dissatisfaction that an individual feels toward an outcome is known as:
A) outcomes.
B) empathy.
C) motivation.
D) valence.
E) affiliation.
11 Individualizing rewards enhances which expectancy theory component?
A) P --> E expectancy
B) Outcome valences
C) V--> P expectancy
D) E --> P expectancy
E) P --> O expectancy
12 Providing coaching to employees who lack self-confidence, increases which Expectancy theory component?
A) P --> O expectancy
B) E --> O expectancy
C) V --> O outcome
D) O --> P expectancy
E) E --> P expectancy
13 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective goals?
A) Specific
B) Relevant
C) Challenging
D) Ambiguous
E) Goal feedback
14 Effective goals:
A) are usually set with the employee's participation.
B) are specific rather than general.
C) are challenging rather than easy.
D) are all of the above.
E) are only ‘b' and ‘c'.
15 Feedback does all of the following, EXCEPT:
A) improves ability by providing information to correct performance problems.
B) encourages good performance by promising valued rewards.
C) makes people aware of performance gaps and identifies ways to address these gaps.
D) plays a central role in goal setting.
E) Focuses on the task.
16 Executive coaching is usually conducted by a(n):
A) internal consultant.
B) employee reporting directly to the executive.
C) external consultant
D) co-worker of the executive.
E) None of the above.
17 Feedback has an excellent reputation for improving employee motivation and performance when combined with:
A) the desire to learn.
B) expectancy theory.
C) goal setting.
D) self-actualization.
E) cognitive dissonance.
18 Which of the following is NOT explicitly mentioned in equity theory?
A) Inputs
B) Comparison other
C) Valences
D) Outcomes
E) Outcome/input ratio