Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)

1. All of the following are court decisions established regarding juvenile detention EXCEPT:
a. preventive detention of juveniles awaiting adjudication is constitutional.
b. preventive detention of at-risk juveniles awaiting adjudication.
c. a probable cause hearing must be conducted before detention is continued.
d. holding accused status offenders in adult jails prior to adjudication is unconstitutional.

2. Which of the following is a primary issue for incarcerated juveniles?
a. mail and censorship
b. dress codes
c. personal appearance
d. All of the above.

3. The new substantive rights include all EXCEPT:
a. the right to refuse an unwanted service.
b. the right to make or participate in choices that affect one's life.
c. the right to choose their facility.
d. the right to be free from unnecessary restriction in individual development.

4. What was the basic principle of the Duke of Beufort v. Berty case?
a. individualized justice for youth
b. concept of parens patriae
c. children should not be confined
d. children should be treated differently than adults

5. The National Probation Association's Annual Conference in 1923 proposed which act?
a. Uniform Juvenile Court Act 1968
b. Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 1974
c. Standard Juvenile Court Act
d. None of the above.

6. Grievance procedures set up to guide operations include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. prompt investigation of grievances
b. long process to present grievances to staff
c. taking a final action
d. Both a and b are correct.Unit 3 Examination 100 BCJ 210 Juvenile Justice

7. ___________ means that juveniles have same rights as other citizens but these rights are not always honored.
a. Exclusionary rule
b. Probable cause
c. Unlimited extent
d. None of the above.

8. The Fifth Amendment protects juveniles from ____________.
a. jury trials
b. false confession
c. self-incrimination
d. interrogation

9. ___________ means that probation officers protect community via aggressive enforcement of conditions.
a. Building community-based partnerships
b. Obtaining sufficient resources
c. Holding offenders accountable
d. Implementing results-based and outcome-driven services and practices

10. ___________ means that the case does not reach the formal hearing stage, not that court has not been involved.
a. Diversion
b. Probation
c. Pre-judicial
d. Pre-formal

11. The factor of probation supervision that means an officer must keep in touch with juvenile parent and school is ____________.
a. surveillance
b. casework
c. intake screening
d. accountability

12. The basic set of juvenile probation functions includes _____________.
a. intake screening of cases referred
b. court-ordered release of juvenile
c. disposition investigation
d. analyzing arrest report Unit 3 Examination 101 BCJ 210 Juvenile Justice

13. ____________ purpose was to allow the defendant to have time to appeal a case to the Crown.
a. Recognizance
b. Benefit of clergy
c. Judicial reprieve
d. Prosecutorial discretion

14. Due to the humanitarianism of John Augustus, the nation's first probation law was passed in ____________.
a. Illinois
b. Massachusetts
c. New York
d. Pennsylvania

15. The officer who perceives his/her role as guardian of middle class morality is called the ____________ officer.
a. punitive
b. protective
c. passive
d. welfare

16. The officer who sees the job as requiring only minimum effort is called the ___________ officer.
a. punitive
b. protective
c. passive
d. welfare

17. __________ determined constitutional rights of incarcerated minors have been violated.
a. Morales v. Turman
b. Maryland v. Thurman
c. National Council on Crime and Delinquency
d. Morrissey v. Turman

18. The types of punishment include ____________.
a. actual physical punishment
b. emotional punishment
c. diversification
d. None of the above.Unit 3 Examination 102 BCJ 210 Juvenile Justice

19. What is one of the seven essential characteristics of juvenile detention defined by the American Correctional Association Detention Committee?
a. temporary custody
b. treatment centers
c. reform schools
d. cottage schools

20. Recommendations for juvenile detention facilities include ____________.
a. secure custody with no physical care
b. the detention facility should be in a residential area and near court and community
services
c. nonsecure custody with treatment units
d. secure custody with no treatment units

21. ___________ became the first real American response to juvenile problem.
a. Houses of refuge
b. Elmira Reformatory
c. New York City House of Refuge
d. Lyman School for Boys

22. Reform school managers and institutional superintendents emphasized ____________.
a. physical conditioning
b. college prep courses
c. discretionary release
d. physical punishment

23. ___________ was the first state reform school for boys.
a. Lyman School for Boys
b. Elmira Reformatory
c. Houses of refuge
d. Cottage reform schools

24. ___________ for housing institutionalized juveniles continues to be the most popular form in use today.
a. Reform schools
b. Cottage reform schools
c. Houses of refuge
d. Elmira ReformatoryUnit 3 Examination 103 BCJ 210 Juvenile Justice

25. The emphasis on ___________, which pervades the adult institutions, also shapes the general environment of juvenile detention facilities.
a. detention
b. apprehension
c. custody
d. credibility