MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS -

1. The artifacts of the ancient Nok people of the Jos Plateau provide archaeological evidence of all of the following EXCEPT

a. highly developed iron-making capabilities.

b. settled communities centered around agricultural production.

c. a written language used for administrative and economic records.

d. figurative terracotta sculptures.

2. Which of the following statements about West African slavery in the centuries leading up to the arrival of Europeans in that region is most accurate?

a. Slaves could not own property of their own.

b. West African slavery resembled slavery as practiced in the Muslim world.

c. Slavery was a permanent status which could not be transcended either by a slave or a slave's children.

d. Slavery was an aberration that was almost unknown in most West African societies

3. All of the following statements about Juan Garrido are true EXCEPT

a. he planted the first wheat crop in the Americas.

b. he participated in the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire.

c. he remained a slave his entire life despite his many achievements.

d. he served for a time as a civil official in Spain's Mexican empire.

4. The primary reason that European planters in the Americas came to rely on the labor of African slaves was that

a. Europeans regarded Africans as racially inferior to other races and viewed them as the only people fit for enslavement.

b. Africans were generally more meek and docile than Native Americans, who refused to allow themselves to be enslaved.

c. the importation of Old World diseases and the harsh labor demands of European conquistadores devastated the native populations of the Americas.

d. unlike African societies, Native American societies were too well organized and sophisticated for Europeans to conquer until long after the discovery of the Americas.

Q5. Against which European power did England fight several wars in the 1650s and 1660s, resulting in England's acquisition of the colony which they renamed New York in 1664?

a. the French

b. the Dutch

c. the Spanish

d. the Portuguese

6. Which of the following statements about the first Africans brought into the English settlement in Jamestown is MOST accurate?

a. They were imported by Dutch traders who probably captured them from a Portuguese slave ship on the high seas.

b. They were imported by English traders who probably obtained them by raiding an African coastal village.

c. They were imported by Dutch traders who probably obtained them from markets in the Spanish Caribbean.

d. They were imported by English traders who probably obtained them markets in the English Caribbean.

7. Which of the following statements about indentured servants in the first half of the seventeenth-century Chesapeake colonies is LEAST accurate?

a. Most indentured servants were in their late teens or early twenties when they arrived in the Chesapeake.

b. Many indentured servants did not live long enough to earn their freedom.

c. Indentured servants who earned their freedom expected to receive a parcel of land of their own.

d. Despite its harsh features, the legal system of white servitude was, from the beginning, sharply distinguished from the legal system of black servitude.

8. Which of the following statements best describes Negro Election Day?

a. It was an annual ceremony in which the black population of several New England states was allowed to select token representatives to the colonial assemblies.

b. It was an annual ceremony run by white colonists in several New England states who used it as an opportunity to mock and ridicule the black population.

c. It was an annual ceremony secretly conducted by disgruntled slaves in several New England states who chose representatives to lead resistance against the slave system.

d. It was an annual ceremony in which both slaves and masters participated that simultaneously strengthened communal ties among blacks and secured obedience to the slave system.

9. Which of the following statements about the Constitution's three-fifths compromise is MOST accurate?

a. It defined all blacks as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation and taxation.

b. It defined both blacks and "Indians not taxed" as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation and taxation.

c. It defined both slaves and indentured servants as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation and taxation.

d. It made no explicit reference to slavery or to blacks, referring instead to "all other persons" besides free persons, indentured servants, and certain Indians.

10. Which of the following statements BEST describes the development of free-black communities in the early United States?

a. Such communities were formed primarily around institutions, not neighborhoods.

b. Such communities were formed primarily around neighborhoods, not institutions.

c. Such communities were formed by both high rates of racial residential segregation and the establishment of black-run institutions.

d. Such communities generally failed to develop an identity which distinguished them from the neighboring white communities.

Fill in the blanks -

1. In the year ______ was the beginning of Ghana's Tenkamenin's reign.

2. Askia Mohammed became the ruler of Songhay in the year ______.

3. Ghana reached its height under the ______ Dynasty.

4. The Kingdom of ______ was successfully ruled by Sonni All and Askia Mohammed.   

5. During the reign of Mansa Musa the city of ______ is where as Islamic University and elaborate mosques were built.

6. The three cities in Mali that the Trans-Saharan Trade Route passed through were ______ , and ______ .

 7. In 1672, Charles II, King of England, chartered the ______ to participate in the African Slave Trade.

8. The first African indentures were sold in 1619 in the ______ Colony.

9. In 1520 the African civil engineer ______ explored New Mexico and Arizona for the Spanish.

10. The Reverend ______ wrote, "Every freeman of Carolina shall have absolute power and authority over his Negro slaves, of what opinion or religion soever".

TRUE AND FALSE -

1. Slavery was an ancient institution.

True

False

2. The English were known as the first participants in the African slave Trade.

True

False

3. African slaves were brought to Europe in 1390.

True

False

4. The 'Middle Passage' was NOT a one-way passage.

True

False

5. Plantation owners in the Caribbean were known as absentee owners.

True

False

6. In 1670 the Virginia Colony sanctioned slavery.

True

False

7. The Society for the Propagation of The Gospel in Foreign Parts were missionaries and suggested slaves study the Scriptures and be taught to read and write.

True

False

8. White Indentureship was a long-standing success in the Virginia and Maryland colonies.

True

False

9. Prince Hall was an African in America who fought in the War of Independence and established Masonry among free Blacks.

True

False

10. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 allowed slavery in the territory North of the Ohio River.

True

False

Essay questions - (300-350 words each)

ESSAY QUESTION 1: Discuss the colonial roots of the antislavery movement and evaluate its effectiveness. Which groups were most active in the movement? What tactics did white and black abolitionists adopt in their opposition to slavery? Which tactics proved most effective for the cause? Did the colonial antislavery movement enjoy any notable successes?  

ESSAY QUESTION 2: Free blacks in the North usually congregated in cities. Compare the black communities that developed in Boston, Philadelphia, and New York City. What characteristics did they share and in what ways did they differ? How did demographic size affect black urban communities? To what degree did members of each community escape discrimination and to what degree did they remain susceptible to it?