Macke Raymond, the presenter featured in the City Club video, spends quite a bit of time at the beginning of the presentation discussing student demographic data. In her discussion, she refers to various subgroups, including, poverty, race, Special Education, and English Language Learners.

Why does she say that "demography" is important in this particular study?

She also discusses social issues that impact students attending charter schools in Ohio at a significantly higher rate than their suburban peers.

These social issues make it difficult to isolate variables attributed to the schooling experience; requiring the study to utilize a growth model rather than an achievement model to measure educational impact.

Describe three of the social issues mentioned and explain how they interfere with teaching and learning.

It should be in APA format with citations in the body of the posting. No reference page is necessary at the end.

After that make respond to the two text down writ 3-4 sentence:

(1)

Dr. Margaret Raymond held a forum that talks about the Charter Schools and whether the research that she did showed that they provide a better education than traditional public schools. Charter schools have three characteristics: They are schools of choice, they operate independently, and they are held accountable for the student's achievements.

The demographic data for public schools shows that the number of children living in poverty that attend charter schools is substantially higher than the state schools and higher than their feeder schools (Raymond, 2014). Margaret Raymond's studies also shows that 75% are living in poverty and that there are more black kids going to charter schools than there are white kids. This demography is important because the students come to the schools with different kinds of educational endowments based on their backgrounds (Raymond, 2014).

This means their academic levels is math, reading, and other subjects may be different, which makes a huge difference in calculating the data.

As discussed earlier poverty is a social issue. It can make a difference in the amount of education a student already has when starting school. If a student does not have the economic support that other students have, then this can make it more difficult for them to learn and for the teachers to teach effectively.

Race is another social issue. The majority of students that attend charter schools are black. This interferes with learning and teaching because in many cases the teachers that are teaching these students are not familiar with their cultural background, which in turn effects the quality of education that the students are getting.

The third social issue is special needs and English language learners. These issues can interfere with learning if a teacher has not obtained the special training to teach these students properly. Without the proper training from the teachers, the students are in jeopardy of falling behind.

(2)

Macke Raymond starts her discussion by explaining the importance of demography of the study that she is explaining.

Raymond states that demographics in this study are important because it explains why students attend school with different educational backgrounds and there are a lot of variations in results depending on these subcategories (Raymond). Depending on these differences, students come into school with different levels of knowledge.

Based on the achievement of these students, it is not effective because the children's backgrounds are not looked at (Raymond). The demography of other charter schools compared to those of other schools is unfair and their goal is to get an honest representation about what is happening within charter schools (Raymond).

Three social issues discussed by Macke Raymond in her speech includes: poverty, race, and culture. Poverty is prominent in 75% of charter school students (Raymond). In cities such as Cleveland race and poverty go together and affect how many of these students view school.

In an article written by Gorski, it talks about the issue we see for low performance in minority groups and kids in poverty is not because they are lazy, but because they have so many outside factors that affect them and their education (Gorski, 2008). Student that are in poverty have outside factors that many other students do not have to worry about.

For example, students in poverty worry about their next meal and if they will have a home to go to in some cases. Many of these students also take care of their siblings and work jobs if they are old enough. To these students schooling is not a priority because they have outside factors that are more important. Therefore, their performances in school will decrease and not be as high as the other students.

Children who are both African American and in poverty attending charter schools in Cleveland are better in reading and math which is better than the state of Ohio. However, students that are Hispanic and struggling with poverty are missing more days of school. Even though African Americans have more learning days then other students in the state of Ohio, they are still lacking in education compared to their White peers.

Lastly, English language learners and special education students are combined and on average need more assistance during their learning experience than their peers. This effects their learning because it all depends on the school and if they can provide the resource the child needs. The schools in Cleveland do not have enough funding and face a lot of obstacles that other schools do not. Therefore, children that need assistance in their learning experience are not successful because they are not giving the appropriate resources.