Last year, a Swedish company began production of solar panels suitable for powering small homes. The product has a great deal of promise, but the panels are more expensive to produce than panels manufactured in Norway. As a result, Sweden has imposed a tariff on the import of solar panels from Norway. Which of the following are reasons cited by the government of Sweden for this tariff? Check all that apply.

a. to make domestic producers more efficient

b. to protect domestic employment

c. to make domestic products cheaper

d. to protect new and emerging industries