Introduction to Health Psychology

Guidelines for Reading # 2

Article; Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behavior and cognition- Lupien

1.      The authors quote several studies that have observed an association between prenatal and post maternal stress/depression and children's cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Explain this pathway and identify the negative outcomes mentioned in the study.

2.      The authors also mention a significant moderated effect on the above association. Explain the moderator and provide examples to illustrate this pathway.

3.      From your answer to # 1 and 2, what does this suggest about the role of prenatal stress on negative child outcomes? How can a parent minimize the negative outcomes likely to be observed in these infants? 

4.      When is day care detrimental to young children? Explain this pathway.

5.      In humans, which populations do researchers use to study the influence of chronic stress on health and well-being? 

6.      In humans, when is the hippocampus fully mature? In adolescence, which area of the brain is most effected by stress and which area is least effected?

7.      Prevalence of depression and anxiety are high during adolescence. In your opinion, why might this be the case? What are some triggers that tend to precede the onset of depression?

8.      Explain the neurotoxicity hypothesis and the vulnerability hypothesis.

9.      The authors mention 3 main factors that should receive attention in future studies. Briefly describe all three in your own words.

Attachment:- Effect_of_stress_throughout_the_lifespan.pdf