Four questions total, 5-6 sentences per question

1. Briefly describe the following: acquisition of a conditioned response, extinction, spontaneous recovery, generalization, discrimination, and higher-order conditioning.

2. Briefly describe the following theories of classical conditioning: Rescorla-Wagner, Mackintosh, and Kamin & Wagner.

3. What is the Garcia effect? If the Garcia effect exists on the human level, why do you suppose so many individuals continue to smoke or consume alcohol even though their initial experience with smoking or drinking alcohol made them extremely ill?

4. Discuss the major differences and similarities between instrumental and classical conditioning.