Force-Field Analysis Force-field analysis is another model for looking at the factors that can assist or hinder the implementation of change. The forces pushing for change are driving forces; those work- ing against the change are restraining forces. To do a force-field analysis:

1. Define the problem. Get individuals to do this first, then share these definitions. Write the problem in the center of the main force-field arrow on a force-field figure (see Figure).

2. Determine the restraining forces and add them to the figure (one arrow per force). Put all the restraining factors on one side of the central stem. Indicate the relative strength of each factor by using a consistent format (e.g., numbers, as in Figure, or thickness of the arrow).

3. Repeat step 2, except this time for driving forces.

4. If the identity and strength of the restraining and driving forces have been accurately assessed, this will clarify both the likely outcome (will the change be able to be successfully implemented?) and the sources of greatest restraint (useful to know if on balance the change looks like it is not succeeding). It also suggests change actions that can be taken such as decreasing restraining forces and increasing or adding to the driving forces. This enables disruption of the status quo, resulting in change.

ANSWER ALL NUMBERS BELOW THOROUGHLY

1. Describe the concept of force-field analysis and the forces that either drive or restrain the change process.

2. Using the force-field analysis model, discuss a change initiative that you are familiar with, and define the key driving forces and key restraining forces that impact the change.

Your paper should be three double space pages in length Your paper must be formatted according to APA style and references for at least three scholarly sources.