During the admission process, the attending physician, Dr. Williams, noted the duration and severity of Carlos' diarrhea with some skepticism, but began making a treatment plan based on a tentative diagnosis of gastroenteritis. The physician prescribed acetaminophen to reduce the fever, and ordered several laboratory tests to gain a more complete picture of Carlos' condition, as some of the symptoms did not fit the picture of gastroenteritis. The lab tests included the following:
Blood tests: Blood tests provide information about the number of blood cells and platelets in the blood, as well as the plasma levels of electrolytes and other chemicals.
Urinalysis: A urinalysis is a chemical analysis of the urine that helps to assess the health of the kidneys.
Stool culture: A stool culture will examine the feces for the presence of bacteria that may be causing his presumed gastroenteritis.
One of the more challenging clinical findings was that Carlos' blood pressure was elevated despite the fact that he was dehydrated. Which of the following statements describes the effects of high blood pressure on glomerular filtration?
During the admission process, the attending physician, Dr. Williams, noted the duration and severity of Carlos' diarrhea with some skepticism, but began making a treatment plan based on a tentative diagnosis of gastroenteritis. The physician prescribed acetaminophen to reduce the fever, and ordered several laboratory tests to gain a more complete picture of Carlos' condition, as some of the symptoms did not fit the picture of gastroenteritis. The lab tests included the following:
Blood tests: Blood tests provide information about the number of blood cells and platelets in the blood, as well as the plasma levels of electrolytes and other chemicals.
Urinalysis: A urinalysis is a chemical analysis of the urine that helps to assess the health of the kidneys.
Stool culture: A stool culture will examine the feces for the presence of bacteria that may be causing his presumed gastroenteritis.
One of the more challenging clinical findings was that Carlos' blood pressure was elevated despite the fact that he was dehydrated. Which of the following statements describes the effects of high blood pressure on glomerular filtration?
a. The macula densa cells respond to high blood pressure by releasing renin to dilate the efferent arteriole.
b. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases because high blood pressure reduces the capsular hydrostatic pressure.
c. The glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP) increases and more blood plasma is filtered through the filtration membrane.
d. The volume of filtrate in the renal tubule will be decreased.