Q. Ratification by Principal. Springer was a political candidate running for Congress. He was operating on a tight budget also instructed his campaign staff not to purchase any campaign materials throughout his explicit authorization. In spite of these instructions, one of his campaign workers ordered Dubcek printing Co. to print some promotional materials for Springer's campaign. When the printed materials arrived, Springer did not return them but instead used them during his campaign. When Springer failed to pay for the materials, Dubcek sued for recovery of the price. Springer contended which he was not liable on the sales contract because he had not authorized his agent to purchase the printing services. Dubcek argued which the campaign worker was Springer's agent also which the worker had authority to make the printing contract. Additionally, Dubcek claimed which even if the purchase was unauthorized, Springer's use of the materials constituted ratification of his agent's unauthorized purchase. Is Dubcek correct? Explain.