Q. An Analysis of Causality Tiziana Casciaro Harvard Business School Boston, USA Miguel Sousa Lobo Duke University Fuqua School of Business Durham, USA Does structure cause emotions, or do emotions cause structure? Psychologists and sociologists alike agree that failures and successes in task interaction elicit affective reactions toward an interaction partner. Shape choice of task partners? Is interpersonal affect a bona fide determinant of task networks, or simply a by product of them?