Discussion

Post an explanation of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. Describe the differences and similarities between resulting alterations of hormonal regulation. Select two of the following factors: age, genetics, behavior, gender, and ethnicity. Then explain how the two factors might impact the diagnosis and prescription of treatment for these two types of diabetes.

- This work should have at least 3 current references (Year 2013 and up)

The following Resources are not acceptable:

1. Wikipedia
2. Cdc.gov- nonhealthcare professionals section
3. Webmd.com
4. Mayoclinic.com

Learning Resources

**Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

• Chapter 18, "Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation"

This chapter explores mechanisms of hormonal regulation and the structure and function of the endocrine glands. It provides a foundation for examining alterations of the endocrine system, as well as the effects of aging on the endocrine glands.

• Chapter 19, "Alterations of Hormonal Regulation"

This chapter begins with an explanation of the mechanisms of hormonal alterations. It then discusses alterations of the hypothalamic- pituitary system, thyroid function, parathyroid function, endocrine pancreas, and adrenal function. It also covers the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and evaluation and treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

**Hammer, G. G. , & McPhee, S. (2014). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine. (7th ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

• Chapter 17, "Disorders of the Parathyroids & Calcium & Phosphorus Metabolism"

This chapter explores the anatomy, histology, and associated mechanisms of the parathyroid glands, bone, vitamin D, and C cells. It then examines various disorders involving altered regulation of parathyroids, calcium, and phosphorous metabolism.

• Chapter 18, "Disorders of the Endocrine Pancreas"

This chapter explores the anatomy, histology, and physiology of the endocrine pancreas. It then covers the clinical presentation, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of endocrine pancreas disorders such as diabetes mellitus.

• Chapter 19, "Disorders of the Hypothalamus & Pituitary Gland"

This chapter covers the structure and function of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands. It then explores disorders relating to alterations of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands.

• Chapter 20, "Thyroid Disease"

This chapter explains thyroid hormones, including how they are formed and secreted. It then examines thyroid diseases such as hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and goiters.

Optional Resources

**American Diabetes Association. (2012).
**The Endocrine Society. (2012).
**The Hormone Foundation. (2012).