Directions: Unless otherwise specified, you will read the scenario given and then determine which of the following tests would be used to analyze the data and why. In terms of the explanation you give, be sure it refers to the information in the question.
1. This semester we have discussed the following statistical analyses.
Z-test, One-Sample t-test, Independent Groups t-test, Repeated Measures t-test,
One-Way ANOVA, Repeated Measures ANOVA, Correlation
When do you use them?
Looks at the same group at 2 different times or across two different conditions:
Sample against population:
Examines the degree to which two variables relate to one another: Correlation
Looks at the same group at 3 or more times or across 3 or more conditions:
Examines mean differences between two different groups:
Sample against population:
Examines mean differences between 3 or more groups:
A researcher for a cereal company wanted to demonstrate the health benefits of eating oatmeal. A sample of 9 volunteers was obtained and each participant ate a fixed diet without any oatmeal for 30 days. At the end of the 30-day period, cholesterol was measured for each individual. Then the participants began a second 30-day period in which they repeated exactly the same diet except that they added 2 cups of oatmeal each day. After the second 30-day period, cholesterol levels were measured again and the researcher recorded the difference between the two scores for each participant.
Which of the tests indicated above should be used and why?
One possible explanation for why some birds migrate and others maintain year round residency in a single location is intelligence (measured as brain-to-body ratio). Specifically, birds with smaller brain, relative to their body size, are not simply smart enough to find food during the winter and must migrate to warmer climates where food is easily available. Birds with bigger brains, on the other hand, are more creative and can find food even when the weather turns harsh. This study compared non-migrating, short-distance migrants, and long-distance migrants in terms of relative brain size.
Which of the tests indicated above should be used and why?