'Culture' has various constructs. And, yet, culture is only one element that makes a nation distinct. Other elements include national economic conditions, governmental laws and policies, and industry norms. Consider the various meanings of culture as well as national environmental factors as you think about effective management of negotiations and disputes.

?How do cultural differences affect the perceptions and behaviours of different parties in an international negotiation? Explain the relative importance of national culture, organisational culture, and individual personalities in contributing to the outcomes of a negotiation. What are the skills and attributes that a manager needs to negotiate successfully across cultures? Finally, how important are cultural differences in determining levels of tolerance toward disputes, and in what ways can disputes lead to positive or negative outcomes for an organisation that is negotiating internationally?

Please read the attached articles. When you paraphrasing or quoting any text or sentence, please mention it directly after the sentence... ExampleThere is emphasis on ''getting to the point'', ''cutting to the chase'', with an urgency directed at getting down to the business. What is said is usually stated quite explicitly, with language which ''performs mainly an informational rather than a socially lubricative function'' (Cohen, 1999, pp. 183).