Citizen Participation- How do you encourage citizen participation or advocacy in either a quantitative or qualitative approach as it relates to the policy analysis?

How do you encourage citizen participation or advocacy in either a quantitative or qualitative approach as it relates to the policy analysis? Does one approach make it easier to integrate citizen participation than the other? In what ways can citizen participation be facilitated?

What approaches to the policy analysis process might actually hinder such participation? How do diversity issues affect citizen participation and again, what approaches to the analysis process might facilitate or hinder such participation?