In the July 29 2001 production of The Journal News (Hamilton, Ohio) Lynn Elber of the Associated Press reported on a study conducted by the Kaiser Family Foundation regarding parents' utilization of television set V-chips for controlling their children's TV viewing. The study requested parents who own TVs equipped with V-chips whether they use the devices to block programs with objectionable content.

A) Presume that we wish to use the study results to justify the claim that fewer than 20 percent of parents who own TV sets with V-chips use the devices. The study really found that 17 percent of the parents polled used their V-chips.2 If the poll graphed 1,000 parents and if for the sake of argument we presume that 20 percent of parents who own V-chips actually use the devices (that is, p = .2), compute the probability of observing a sample proportion of .17 or less. That is compute P (pˆ ≤ .17).

B) Based on the probability you calculated in part a, would you accomplish that fewer than 20 per- cent of parents who own TV sets equipped with V-chips actually use the devices? Explain.