Assignment

Part 1- Evolution and the Diversity of Life

1. Which of the following is inaccurate in relation to viruses?
A. They feature a capsid.
B. They reproduce independently.
C. They have nucleic acid core.
D. They seek a specific host.

2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Arthropods that has attributed to their diversity and success?
A. Endoskeleton
B. Jointed appendages
C. Highly developed nervous system
D. Segmentation

3. Both insects and roundworms exhibit ______, whereas sponges, snails, and leeches do not.
A. sensory perception
B. calcium carbonate shells
C. sexual reproduction
D. molting during growth

4. Annelids are to lophotrochozoans as _______ are to ecdysozoans.
A. cephalopods
B. roundworms
C. flatworms
D. molluscs

5. Which of the following structures develops into a pollen grain?
A. Microspore
B. Anther
C. Archegonium
D. Megaspore

6. Which of the following is not a form of genetic recombination in bacteria?
A. Binary fission
B. Transduction
C. Transformation
D. Conjugation

7. What is the function of a nematocyst?
A. Sensory perception
B. Locomotion
C. Digestion
D. Prey capture

8. If female deer mate with male deer that have the largest antlers, we are witnessing _______ selection.
A. stabilizing
B. sexual
C. disruptive
D. random

9. During the life cycle of a plant, gametophyte is to n as sporophyte is to
A. n → 2
B. 2n2.
C. n2.
D. 2n.

10. The distinction between protostomes and deuterostomes is based on differences in their
A. embryological development.
B. digestive tracts.
C. circulatory systems.
D. nervous systems.

11. You have a chart that illustrates a series of species with their common ancestor. This chart is a
A. five-kingdom system.
B. fossil record.
C. gene pool.
D. cladogram.

12. Allen and Rose are discussing saprotrophs. Allen says saprotrophic fungi decompose the remains of animals and plants. Rose says saprotrophic fungi remove excess lignin from paper pulp. Who is correct?
A. Only Rose is correct.
B. Neither is correct.
C. Both Allen and Rose are correct.
D. Only Allen is correct.

13. Darwin argued that the beak size and shape of Galapagos finch species was related to their
A. time of reproduction.
B. flight pattern.
C. food source.
D. body size.

14. _______ is/are the raw material of evolutionary change.
A. Genetic drift
B. Assortative mating
C. Nonrandom mating
D. Mutations

15. Which one of the following statements describes a characteristic of amoeboids?
A. They have pseudopods.
B. They never have a shell.
C. They're animals.
D. They always live in fresh water.

16. According to the theory of evolution, birds' feathers evolved from
A. reptile scales.
B. fish fins.
C. gill slits.
D. gill arches.

17. Which of the following is not an example of a service provided by beneficial bacteria?
A. Food production
B. Nutrient cycling
C. Bioaccumulation
D. Bioremediation

18. Organisms that can interbreed and bear fertile offspring are considered to be in the same
A. order.
B. family.
C. species.
D. class.

19. In evolution, the study of vertebrate forelimbs is related to _______ evidence.
A. biochemical
B. fossil
C. anatomical
D. biogeographical

20. Which of the following is an example of a group of prokaryotic organisms?
A. Eukarya
B. Fungi
C. Archaea
D. Protists

Part 2- Genetics

1. A woman who isn't colorblind but has an allele for color blindness reproduces with a man who has normal vision. What is the chance that they'll have a colorblind daughter?
A. 50%
B. 100%
C. 25%
D. 0%

2. Two organisms, each with the genotypes TtGg, mate. The chance of producing an offspring that has the dominant phenotype for height (T) and the recessive phenotype for color (g) is
A. 11/16.
B. 9/16.
C. 7/16.
D. 3/16.

3. The goal of _______ is to use cells and tissues to treat human illnesses or injuries.
A. therapeutic cloning
B. clone therapy
C. gene therapy
D. reproductive cloning

4. _______ have the potential to develop and specialize into any cell type, which means they're
A. adult stem cells; multipotent.
B. adult stem cells; totipotent.
C. embryonic stem cells; multipotent.
D. embryonic stem cells; totipotent.

5. Autosomes are _______ chromosomes.
A. homologous
B. haploid
C. abnormal
D. nonsex

6. Which of the following best defines genomics?
A. The study of the genomes of organisms
B. The study of cellular protein structures
C. A sequence of mutant genes
D. A mechanism used in DNA fingerprinting

7. Which one of the following statements about mitosis is correct?
A. It's part of the process of oogenesis.
B. It creates haploid nuclei.
C. It consists of two parts: mitosis I and mitosis II.
D. It forms two identical daughter cells.

8. Which of these is happening when translation takes place?
A. rRNAs expose their anticodons.
B. tRNAs are bringing amino acids to the ribosomes.
C. mRNA is still in the nucleus.
D. DNA is being replicated.

9. A parent with type AB blood could not produce a child with type
A. O.
B. B.
C.AB.
D. A.

10. Which of these is true of meiosis?
A. n → 2n
B. 2n → 2n
C. 2n → n
D. n → n

11. From the cross Aa × Aa, the probability of producing a homozygous dominant offspring is
A. 50%.
B. 100%.
C. 75%.
D. 25%.

12. The phase of cell division in which chromosomes align on the spindle equator halfway between the spindle poles is
A. metaphase.
B. telophase.
C. prophase.
D. anaphase.

13. How does mitosis in plant cells differ from that in animal cells?
A. Plant cells lack centrosomes.
B. Animal cells lack cytokinesis.
C. Plant cells lack spindle fibers.
D. Animal cells lack a cell plate.

14. If a piece of DNA breaks off from a chromosome and attaches itself to a nonhomologous chromosome at another location, what type of change has occurred?
A. Translocation
B. Duplication
C. Deletion
D. Inversion

15. Which of the following is an example of an X-linked recessive disorder?
A. Color blindness
B. Sickle cell disease
C. Huntington disease
D. Methemoglobinemia

16. When you notice that someone has unusually blue eyes, you've noticed their
A. phenotype.
B. allele.
C. hybridization.
D. genotype.

17. A recessive allele t is responsible for a condition called distonia. A man who has this condition marries
a woman who doesn't. One of their four children has the condition. What are the possible genotypes of the
man and the woman? (Hint: To help you answer this question, create a Punnett square for each
possibility.)
A. The father is Tt; the mother is TT.
B. The father is tt; the mother is TT.
C. Both parents are TT.
D. The father is tt; the mother is Tt.

18. If a cell has 18 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have after mitosis?
A. The number can't be determined.
B. 18
C. 36
D. 9

19. Which one of the following phrases best describes the human karyotype?
A. One pair of sex chromosomes and 22 pairs of autosomes
B. 46 pairs of autosomes
C. X and Y chromosomes and 22 pairs of autosomes
D. Sex chromosomes along with 23 pairs of autosomes

20. Which one of the following is a characteristic of cancer cells?
A. They result in uncontrolled growth.
B. They can't travel to other parts of the body.
C. They have a specialized structure and function.
D. They're usually either nerve cells or cardiac muscle cells.

Part 3- The Cell

1. Which one of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?
A. Sucrose
B. Cellulose
C. Starch
D. Glucose

2. Any energy transformation involves the loss of some energy as
A. light.
B. electric charge.
C. motion.
D. heat.

3. Sunflowers belong to which of the following kingdoms?
A. Fungi
B. Animalia
C. Plantae
D. Protista

4. Which one of the following molecules is a by-product of cellular respiration?
A. Glucose
B. Pyruvate
C. Water
D. Oxygen

5. All of the rabbits, deer, and several bird species found within a field are considered to be part of a/an
A. population.
B. community.
C. ecosystem.
D. biosphere.

6. The following atoms are all variations of the element carbon: 12C, 13C, and 14C due to differing numbers of neutrons. What are these variations called?
A. Polymers
B. Isomers
C. Isotopes
D. Molecules

7. Which of these statements most accurately describes how carbon dioxide enters a leaf?
A. CO
is carried by water in leaf veins.
B. CO
2
diffuses by way of the stomata.
C. CO
2
is pulled in by leaf veins.
D. CO
2
enters a leaf through osmosis.

2
8. Which of these is the smallest structure?
A. Protein
B. Polypeptide
C. Dipeptide
D. Amino acid

9. When a scientific experiment is carried out in a controlled setting, all variables are kept the same except for the _______ variable.
A. environmental
B. observational
C. experimental
D. control

10. The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis begins when
A. light becomes available.
B. the reduction of carbon dioxide occurs.
C. electrons leave a photosystem.
D. carbon dioxide is attached to RuBP.

11. If you immerse a living cell in a hypertonic solution, water will
A. move out of the cell.
B. move into the cell.
C. fluctuate in and out.
D. remain constant.

12. The two major sets of reactions involved in photosynthesis are
A. Calvin cycle reactions and citric acid cycles.
B. glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
C. light reactions and Calvin cycle reactions.
D. light reactions and the electron transport chain.

13. An insect is able to walk across the surface of a pond without sinking because of the
A. adhesion of the insect's feet to the surface of the water.
B. surface tension of the water.
C. polarity of the water molecules.
D. process of evaporation.

14. The structure that surrounds the cytoplasm in a bacterial cell is the
A. plasma membrane.
B. cell wall.
C. ribsosome.
D. nucleoid.

15. Nucleic acids are composed of monomers called
A. base pairs.
B. amino acids.
C. nucleotides.
D. ribose.

16. Which of the following is a true difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. Eukaryotic cells are less complex.
B. Eukaryotic cells have true nuclei.
C. Eukaryotic cells are smaller.
D. Eukaryotic cells are more ancient.

17. Which of the following is true about bases?
A. They tend to decrease the pH of a solution.
B. They help to build up cells.
C. They release hydroxide ions in solution.
D. They have a sharp or sour taste.

18. Select the largest, most inclusive biological level from the following choices.
A. Organ
B. Molecule
C. Tissue
D. Cell

19. Which of the following is an important property of water?
A. Water easily changes from liquid to gas.
B. Water temperature rises and falls quickly.
C. Water is a good solvent.
D. Water lacks cohesive properties.

20. As an enzyme fits into a substrate at the active site, it undergoes a slight change to fit into the substrate.
This process is defined by a concept known as the
A. active enzyme inhibition scheme.
B. feedback inhibition model.
C. facilitated diffusion process.
D. induced fit model.