Assignment

Define "Probable Cause" and compare that standard of probable cause against the following statements of degree of certainty: absolutely positive; pretty sure; good possibility; beyond a reasonable doubt; reasonable suspicion; preponderance of the evidence; reasonable probability; strong belief; convinced.

Give an example of a strong indication of probable cause to arrest that is arrived at through each of the five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch.

(Chapter 4) - Law enforcement officers have a search warrant to search a house for heroin and to search the person of the house owners' eighteen-year-old daughter. When the officers arrive at the house to execute the warrant, the following persons are present:

a. the owners;

b. their eighteen-year-old daughter;

c. their fifteen-year-old son, who appears extremely nervous;

d. the daughter's boyfriend, whom the officers recognize as a local gang member who is known to carry a knife; and

e. an unidentified elderly couple.

To what extent may the officers search or detain each person present?