A

1. Two main reasons for the resurgence of TB are ______HIV__________________ and ___ drug-resistance strains of the organism______________________.

2. A definitive diagnosis of TB is made by ________Skin Test _______________ and ________________________.

3. Infection with a resistant organism can be acquired in two ways: _____________ and __________________.

4. What is the prime directive regarding treatment? ______________________________________

5. Which two drugs are almost always included in the treatment regimen? __________________ and __________________

6. ____________________ is the treatment of choice for latent TB.

7. The most common adverse effect of isoniazid is _________________________.

8. An adverse effect unique to rifampin is ________________.

9. Pyrazinamide is ______________________ to M. tuberculosis.

10. The adverse effect of ethambutol is ________________________.

B

1. ________________ is the drug of choice for preventing anthrax in people who have inhaled anthrax spores.

2. Because of the risk of _____________________, ciprofloxacin is not recommended for children younger than 18 years of age.

3. Ciprofloxacin is the only systemic _______________________ approved for pediatric use.

4. Absorption of oral ofloxacin is reduced by cationic substances, such as ________________, ________________, ________________, ________________, ________________, and ________________.

5. Ciprofloxacin can increase plasma levels of ______________________, ______________________, and ______________________.

6. Ofloxacin elevates plasma levels of warfarin but has little effect on levels of ______________.
7. Fluoroquinolones pose a risk of ___________________ that may be moderate or severe.

8. ___________________ is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone indicated for respiratory infections such as community-acquired pneumonia.

9. ___________________ is used for protozoal infections and infections caused by obligate anaerobic bacteria.

10. _______________________ is used primarily for tuberculosis.

C

1. The opportunistic mycoses include ______________, ______________, ______________, and ______________. The nonopportunistic mycotic infections include ______________, ______________, ______________, and ______________.

2. Much of the toxicity of amphotericin is attributable to the presence of __________________, principally ________________, in mammalian cell membranes.

3. __________________________ is the drug of choice for most systemic mycoses.

4. Amphotericin B is toxic to the ______________________________.

5. The combination of _______________ with a relatively low dose of amphotericin can produce antifungal effects equivalent to those of a high dose of amphotericin alone.

6. _________________ is an alternative to amphotericin B for the treatment of several systemic mycoses.

7. Compared with amphotericin B, the current first-choice drug for invasive aspergillosis, ________________, is equally effective and poses a much lower risk of kidney damage.

8. Because the development of resistance is common, ________________ is almost always used in combination with amphotericin B.

9. Effective topical agents for the treatment of thrush include ____________, ____________, and ____________.

10. The drugs used most often for oral therapy of onychomycosis are ____________ and ____________.