1. Visionary decision makers tend to base business decisions on _____.

A. proprietary business research
B. instinct
C. secondary data
D. past experience
E. all of the above

2. Intuitive decision makers tend to base business decisions on _____.

A. business research
B. secondary data
C. primary data
D. proprietary research
E. all of the above

3. Which tier in the hierarchy of business decision makers sees research as the fundamental first step in any business venture?

A. Base tier
B. Middle tier
C. Top tier
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

4. Minute Maid sees research as the fundamental first step in any business decision and it created proprietary methods for conducting research. At what level of the hierarchy of business decision makers does Minute Maid operate?

A. Top tier
B. Middle tier
C. Base tier
D. Foundation tier
E. Information tier

5. Business research may be considered unnecessary when _____.

A. management has insufficient resources to conduct an appropriate study
B. the risk associated with the decision at hand is low
C. the information is applicable to the critical decision
D. both a and b
E. both a and c

6. Which of the following is not a required characteristic of good research?

A. Clearly defined purpose
B. Detailed research process
C. Focused on theory
D. Thorough research design
E. Recognition of limitations

7. Which characteristic of good research involves distinguishing between the organization's symptoms, its problems, the manager's perception of the problems, and the research problem?

A. Clearly defined purpose
B. Detailed research process
C. Thorough research design
D. High ethical standards
E. Justifiable conclusions

8. Researchers have the ethical responsibility to guard the welfare of _____.

A. research participants
B. clients
C. colleagues
D. organizations to which they belong
E. all of the above

9. Which of the following types of research is conducted to evaluate specific courses of action or forecast current or future values?

A. Reporting studies
B. Explanation studies
C. Description studies
D. Prediction studies
E. Observation studies

10. Applied research:

A. Has little direct impact on policy decisions.
B. Is problem directed but not decision directed.
C. Is problem directed and closely related to policy or action needs.
D. Calls for a hypothesis to initiate the research.
E. Is usually conducted in the laboratory.

11. Which of the following is pure rather than applied research?

A. Sleep duration, as impacting work efficiency.
B. Disruption of cognitive ability under stress.
C. The relationship between leadership traits and corporate success.
D. Work towards the discovery of a possible new element.
E. Comparing brand logos after a change.

12. All of the following are unethical activities except _____.

A. violating nondisclosure agreements
B. revealing the names of research participants
C. stating that a survey will take 10 minutes to complete when the actual time is 15 minutes
D. invoicing for time that was not spent on the project
E. providing incentives for respondents

13. Which approach to ethics advocates that ethical behavior should be directed by "duties" regardless of the positive circumstances that might result from behavior that is in contradiction to the duty?

A. Relativism
B. Deontology
C. Empiricism
D. Utilitarian
E. Scientology

14. When a person follows his belief that one should not lie, and then tells the truth even when it hurts another person, he has illustrated the _____ approach to ethics.

A. ethical relativism
B. deontology
C. empiricism
D. utilitarian
E. scientology

15. Anne is introducing a group of research participants to the study at hand. To ensure adequate oral consent, she should include all of the following components in her introduction except _____.

A. research organization
B. promise of anonymity and confidentiality
C. sponsoring organization
D. purpose of the research
E. estimate of when the research study will be published

16. When participants are intentionally or accidentally deceived, they should be _____ once the research is complete.

A. paid
B. debriefed
C. thanked
D. all of the above
E. none of the above

17. Merck conducted tests on the effectiveness and safety of Vioxx. Merck did not seek to hide its identity as a sponsor of the research or the study's purpose. However, it did seek to protect research data suggesting that Vioxx is no more effective than aspirin. In this situation, Merck sought _____.

A. purpose nondisclosure
B. findings nondisclosure
C. identity nondisclosure
D. sponsor nondisclosure
E. facts nondisclosure

18. Which of the following is an example of sponsor nondisclosure?

A. Dean and Deluca doesn't want Whole Foods to know about it is conducting research on organic wines
B. Whole Foods is studying a potential new location near a large condo complex
C. Bayer seeks to disclose that Vioxx is no more effective than aspirin
D. Vioxx seeks to hide results suggesting that it is equivalent to aspirin in reducing the pain of arthritis
E. all of the above

19. Which form of budgeting allocates a portion of total expenditures in the unit to research activities?

A. Rule-of-thumb budgeting
B. Percentage-of-sales budgeting
C. Departmental budgeting
D. Task budgeting
E. Competitive parity

20. Departmental budgeting means that research budgets are determined by _____.

A. allocating the same amount to research that competing firms allocate
B. the contributions of various departments to fund department-specific projects
C. evaluating projects on a case-by-case basis
D. taking a fixed percentage of some criterion
E. allocating whatever is left after covering other required expenditures

21. Which term below refers to a criterion for judging the attractiveness of two or more alternatives when using a decision variable?

A. Decision theory
B. Decision rule
C. Ex post facto evaluation
D. Choice theory
E. Success probability

22. Ex Post Facto evaluation means that the research is evaluated _____.

A. prior to execution
B. based on the facts
C. after the research concludes
D. each day throughout the project
E. none of the above

23. Jason is entering the data analysis portion of his research project. Data analysis involves all of the following activities except _____.

A. reducing data to a manageable size
B. developing summaries
C. conducting focus groups
D. looking for patterns
E. applying statistical techniques

24. All of the following components are included in the overview section of a research report except _____.

A. problem background
B. findings from secondary sources
C. research design
D. procedures
E. recommendations

25. A synopsis of the problem, findings, and recommendations are provided in the ____ section of a research report.

A. executive summary
B. abstract
C. overview
D. implementation
E. technical appendix

26. The fundamental weakness in the research process is _____.

A. incorrectly defining the research question
B. identifying a flawed sampling frame
C. misdefining the target population
D. failing to identify all relevant secondary information

27. The goal of ethics in research is to _____.

A. to ensure that no one is harmed
B. to protect researchers from legal liability
C. to identify what behavior is appropriate
D. to ensure research sponsors fulfill their legal obligations

28. _____ occurs when the participants are told only part of the truth or when the truth is fully compromised.

A. Coercion
B. Deception
C. Informed consent
D. Debriefing