1. Moral relativism is the idea that:
a. everything we do is motivated by self-interest.
b. every event has a cause.
c. morality is absolute because it is based in human nature.
d. morality varies from culture to culture and time period to time period.
2. Feinberg suggests that some offensive behavior may be considered a violation of people's right to privacy when it invades private space.
a. True
b. False
3. The implications of moral relativism do not raise enduring questions about ethnocentrism, dogmatism, and the role of tolerance in reaching ethical outcomes.
a. True
b. False
4. Recognizing and accepting a certain degree of moral relativism within communities may be necessary for social cohesion.
a. True
b. False
5. One of the benefits of relativism is that it encourages us to maintain an open mind and be tolerant and understanding of differences.
a. True
b. False
6. The majority of victims of honor killings across the world are women and girls.
a. True
b. False
7. When we claim that certain moral values or principles (e.g., do not steal) apply or should apply to all people, everywhere, we are saying that some values or principles are:
a. descriptive.
b. relative.
c. universal.
d. pragmatic.
8. A contemporary controversy involving paternalistic government policy is the practice of civil commitment or involuntary hospitalization for persons deemed mentally ill (though not necessarily legally incompetent) and presumed to be in need of psychiatric treatment.
a. True
b. False
9. Which of the following might help us develop open-mindedness and the virtue of tolerance?
a. Recognizing that people have free will
b. Recognizing that moral norms can and often do vary by time and place
c. Developing our own sense of egoism
d. All of the choices apply
10. Normative or prescriptive relativism implies that we should not judge the beliefs and behaviors of other cultures.
a. True
b. False
11. Some ways of life are oppressive and immoral.
a. True
b. False
12. Which of the following positions holds that moral beliefs vary from person to person, and that one person's beliefs and practices cannot be said to be more right (or wrong) that any other person's?
a. Relativism
b. Pluralism
c. The principle of understanding
d. Individualism
13. Which of the following suggests that governments can and should pass laws to protect citizens from themselves, looking out for its citizens as a father might for his children?
a. Determinism
b. Paternalism
c. Pragmatism
d. The principle of implied competence
14. When we are committed unquestioningly and with absolute certainty to a belief or beliefs, we are guilty of:
a. psychological egoism.
b. normative relativism.
c. an imbalanced soul.
d. dogmatism.
15. Using the harm principle, a government could legitimately pass laws to prohibit murder, rape, and robbery.
a. True
b. False
16. Ethical objectivism would suggest that whether dishonesty is right or wrong depends upon the person doing it and the circumstances of the situation.
a. True
b. False
17. Gambling would be considered a crime mala in se.
a. True
b. False
18. A pragmatist might argue that moral values and cultural practices based upon them are not representations of the truth, but are functional for people in a particular place at a particular time.
a. True
b. False
19. Behavior which might be regarded as immoral or offensive is usually "contagious."
a. True
b. False
20. Which of the following, derived from John Stuart Mill, suggests that governments can legitimately create and impose laws only where it is necessary to prevent people from harming others?
a. The harm principle
b. Paternalism
c. The principle of victimless crime
d. The no-cause principle