1.Identify and describe the three possible alternatives for applying the Fourth Amendment to "stop and frisk" situations. Also, identify which alternative the U.S. Supreme Court adopted and explain why.

2.Summarize the differences among the following doctrines: Fundamental Fairness, Total Incorporation, and Selective Incorporation doctrines as they influence state criminal procedures.

3.Discuss the main reasons false confessions occur and the key reforms aimed at reducing them.

4.Discuss the importance of live pre-lineup instructions in identification procedures for line-ups. Explain the differences and issues that exist between "show-up" identification procedures and live line-up procedures.

5. Briefly describe the major historical developments of "due process" from the passage of the U.S. Constitution to the present.

Your responses to each of the examination questions should be a minimum of two pages and a maximum of three pages in length, double-spaced, and written in 12-point Times New Roman.

Include the question you are responding to immediately before each answer.

Include a title/cover page.

Include some cited references and format them in the American Psychological Association (APA) writing style (6th edition)