1.Describe the most severe effects of hypervitaminosis A on an infant. _________________

2.The amount of drugs appearing in breastmilk depends upon three primary factors. Name them.

3.Describe the FAS infant.

4.Describe the effects of alcohol on the pregnant woman. ____________________________

5.The effects of OCAs depend upon four characteristics of the user. What are the four characteristics?

6.List the three most important reasons that the elderly have adverse reactions to drugs.

7.Give three examples of the most common drug-nutrient interactions among the elderly.

These are the answers :

1.
Renal anomalies
CNS malformation
Cleft palate
Severe defects

2.
a. Type of drug
b. Concentration of drug
c. Time lapse between drug ingestion and breast-feeding

3.
Anomalies of eyes, ears, heart, CNS, mental retardation

Male: enlargement of the mammary glands (gynecomastia)

Female: overgrowth of vaginal lining

4.
High rate of abortions
Abruptio placenta
Low birth weight babies

5.
a. Length of time used
b. Nutritional status
c. Nutritional intake
d. Susceptibility

6.

a. Decreased ability to digest, absorb, and metabolize food
b. Decreased ability to metabolize and excrete drugs
c. Interaction of multiple drug use

7.Aspirin-bleeding (GI)

Laxatives-inhibit vitamin absorption
Diuretics-decreased K and Ca+
Alcohol-decreased folate, thiamin