1Companies are pursuing which objective when they start with prices high and slowly drop them over time?
Market pricing
Focusing on market share
Market skimming
Market tactics
2Which strategy is appropriate when there is low brand loyalty in a category and brand choice is made in the store?
Side pull strategy
Downward strategy
Push strategy
Pull strategy
3What type of distribution places the goods or services in as many outlets as possible?
Exclusive distribution
Intensive distribution
Selective distribution
Marketing distribution
4Which type of distribution relies on some intermediaries willing to carry a particular product?
Selective distribution
Marketing distribution
Strategic distribution
Planned distribution
5Which companies have launched a website without any previous existence as a firm?
Brick-and-click
Customer-centered companies
Pure-click companies
Employee-centered companies
6When companies estimate the demand and costs associated with alternative prices, they will choose the price that produces
lowest current profit
break-even current profit
negative current profit
maximum current profit
7What is an ultimate form of foreign involvement?
Direct investment
Foreign investment
Foreign trade
Direct ownership
8Which marketing system is another channel development in which two or more companies put together resources to exploit an emerging market opportunity?
Horizontal marketing system
Strategic marketing system
Vertical marketing system
Conventional marketing system
9When a seller agrees to accept partial payment of products manufactured with the supplied equipment it is called
price adaptation
buyback arrangement
free trade agreements
trade agreements
10What takes place when dealers purchase some or all of a product line?
Part-line forcing
Half-line forcing
Forcing by brand
Full-line forcing
11What type of system does a firm employ to decide about the most critical decisions management faces?
Pulling system
Pushing system
Advertising strategic system
Marketing channel system
12What type of marketing channel consists of an independent producer, wholesaler(s), and retailer(s)?
Vertical marketing system
Conventional marketing system
Horizontal marketing system
Rectangular marketing system
13What is a simple way to engage in international marketing?
Communications
Travel abroad
Cultural attainment
Licensing
14What is the practice that allows companies to maximize their market share by believing a higher sales volume will lead to lower unit costs and higher long-run profit while assuming the market price is sensitive?
Market skimming
Target pricing
Sensitive pricing
Market-penetration pricing
15Which strategy uses the manufacturer’s advertising, promotion, and other forms of communication to persuade consumers?
Pull strategy
Push strategy
Upward strategy
Downward strategy
16What type of marketing system includes the producer, wholesaler(s), and retailer(s) acting as a unified system?
Vertical marketing system
Horizontal marketing system
Rectangular marketing system
Triangular marketing system
17What form describes a buyer and seller directly exchanging goods with no money and no third party involved?
Sale
Offset
Barter
Auction
18What type of deal takes place when the seller receives some percentage of the payment in cash and the rest in products?
Offset
Barter
Compensation deal
Free trade
19Which agreements are not necessarily illegal, but they do violate U. S. law if they tend to lessen competition substantially?
Promising agreements
Marketing agreements
Loosening agreements
Tying agreements
20What mode of entry is it when local and foreign investors share ownership and control?
Sole proprietor
Joint venture
Foreign investment
Direct investment
21When the number of intermediaries are severely limited, this means an
inclusive distribution
strategic distribution
exclusive distribution
marketing distribution