1. Your Neighborhood Handyman is a growing company that helps city homeowners tackle a variety of home improvements. It plans to expand its business to work with homeowners in several nearby suburbs and to add personnel to help negotiate favorable pricing with local hardware stores for equipment and building supplies. The HR department compared the company's current staffing with the number and type of employees the company would need to carry out its business plans. The department also looked into how to obtain new employees. It concluded that the company would need to hire eight new handymen and a contractor while retaining all its current employees. The department gained approval to begin recruiting workers and to revise the pay system. Now the HR department is beginning a formal process to evaluate how well its plans for recruitment and staff retention are going. When the HR department examined the results of activities, such as recruitment and retention, to support Sammy's organizational goals, which of the following stages of the HR planning process was it involved in?

Evaluating

Validating

Documenting

Programming

Controlling

2. John, the office manager of Greenleaf Inc., believes that providing positive consequences for a job well done will increase the likelihood of good work performance in the future. John personally sends e-mails to his employees to commend their efforts when they perform well. Ivan, the CEO of Intrinsic Ideas Inc., takes his employees off probation early when they perform to his expectations. Fred, the sales manager of Kingston Corp., often shouts at his employees when they perform poorly. He also fails to appreciate employees when they perform well, which often results in poor performances. Fred has failed to appreciate his employees when they perform well, which has resulted in poor performances. This is an example of ________.

arbitration

termination

extinction

elimination

negative reinforcement