1. Which one of the following artists invented impasto?
A. Leonardo da Vinci
B. Titian
C. Raphael
D. Donatello

2. What was Vigée-Lebrun best known for?
A. Prints
B. Sculpture
C. Portraits
D. Landscapes

3. Even if we didn't know anything about the artist who created Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride, it would be safe to say, after examining the surfaces represented in the painting, that it was created by a _______ European.
A. southern
B. western
C. eastern
D. northern

4. What was the highest goal of the Mannerist artists?
A. Elegance
B. Formal technique
C. Witty social commentary
D. Unique use of color

5. Which one of the following artists was held in high esteem by the popes?
A. Hans Holbein
B. Andrea Palladio
C. Lorenzo Ghiberti
D. Gianlorenzo Bernini

6. One of the primary consequences of the Council of Trent in art and architecture was that
A. Catholic art became increasingly two-dimensional.
B. Protestant art became more realistic.
C. Roman Catholic art concerned itself more with the spectator's emotions.
D. the Catholic church strengthened its position as an art censor.

7. The fact that the figures in Leonardo da Vinci's The Virgin of the Rocks are arranged in a figure triangle gives the painting
A. clear market value.
B. immediate viewer appeal.
C. structural strength.
D. a strong sense of immediacy.

8. Pope Julius II originally commissioned Michelangelo to
A. sculpt his tomb.
B. paint the Sistine Chapel.
C. sculpt the Pietà.
D. sculpt the statue of David.

9. One of the most significant achievements of Albrecht Dürer was to
A. sketch from nature, studying its most delicate details.
B. make the print a fine art form.
C. travel to Italy to study the great works of the Italian Renaissance.
D. write treatises on painting, perspective, and human proportions.

10. What was the nickname of the artist DomenikosTheotokopoulos?
A. Titian
B. Fra Domenico
C. El Greco
D. Cimabue

11. Giotto's Lamentation in the Arena Chapel in Padua is remarkable primarily because
A. of the colors used to convey allegorical meaning.
B. the characters in the painting are presented as individuals.
C. it's one of the first religious oil paintings with real human figures.
D. Giotto painted it in one sitting and made no revisions to the completed work.

12. What quality do the paintings of Titian possess because of his use of the impasto technique in painting?
A. Sensuality
B. Restraint
C. Religiosity
D. Piety

13. Bernini's David, unlike Michelangelo's, shows David
A. in motion.
B. at rest.
C. as a thinking man.
D. as a strong Warrior.

14. Which one of the following artists sculpted a statue of David?
A. Donatello
B. Andrea Palladio
C. Raphael
D. Lorenzo Ghiberti

15. Which artist solved a unique engineering challenge while still achieving awe-inspiring beauty in regards to the Dome of the Florence Cathedral?
A. Michelangelo
B. Donatello
C. Brunelleschi
D. Rembrandt

16. Which of the following subjects would lend itself to the use of the tenebrosomanner of painting?
A. A little girl on a swing in the sun
B. A boating scene on a bright summer day
C. A secret meeting between two conspirators
D. A flower garden in full bloom

17. The use of light and dark to create dramatic contrast is called
A. impasto.
B. chiaroscuro.
C. sfumato.
D. tenebroso.

18. Which one of the following led the Protestant Reformation?
A. Martin Luther
B. Pope Julius II
C. Lorenzo Ghiberti
D. Lorenzo de' Medici

19. Which device was not used by Caravaggio to create a theatrical effect in his paintings?
A. Dramatic gestures
B. Bold brushstrokes
C. Stark lighting
D. Dark shadows

20. The Villa Rotunda has been a model for architects in every century since it was built in the 1500s. This building was designed by
A. da Vinci.
B. Michelangelo.
C. Raphael.
D. Palladio