1. Which of these microorganism groups has the smallest effect on water chemistry?

a. Viruses

b. Fungi

c. Algae

d. Bacteria

e. All affect water chemistry in roughly equal proportion

2. Which is untrue?

a. Photoheterotrophic microorganisms that use photoenergy, but depend on organic matter as a carbon source, are abundant and widespread

b. Algae are photoautotrophs

c. Some bacteria, such as cyanobacteria, photosynthesize

d. All fungi and protozoans are chemoheterotrophs

e. Chemoautotrophic microorganisms use CO2 for biomass and oxidize substances such as NH4+ for energy

3. Which is not a symptom of desertification?

a. Declining water tables

b. Unnaturally high soil erosion

c. Salinization of topsoil and water

d. Reduction of surface waters

e. Production of manganese dioxide (MnO2) and hydrated iron oxide (Fe2O3%u2022H2O) from anaerobic processes

4. Which is untrue?

a. Acid rain is denoted by any precipitation with a pH less than neutral (7)

b. Acid may be deposited as acidic salts and acid gasses, in addition to aqueous acids

c. Acid rain is a regional air pollution problem as distinguished from local or global problems

d. Carbon dioxide makes rainfall slightly acidic

e. Acid rain is often associated with elevated levels of sulfate ion, SO42-

5. Match the following physical, chemical and biochemical processes dealing with the transformations and fates of hazardous chemicals in water:

a. Precipitation reactions

b. Biochemical processes

c. Oxidation-reduction

d. Hydrolysis reactions

e. Sorption

6. With the correct description of the process:

1. Molecule is cleaved by the addition of water

2. By sediments and suspended matter

3. Often involve hydrolysis and oxidation-reduction

4. Generally mediated by microorganisms

5. Generally accompanied by the aggregation of colloidal particles suspended in water.