1. Which of the following types of statistics is used to make conclusions about a population based on a sample?

  A) inferential statistics

  B) Excel statistics

  C) descriptive statistics

  D) nonparametric statistics

2. One problem with self-reported crime data is that people sometimes misrepresent, either intentionally or unintentionally, the number of crimes he or she has committed. This poses a problem for researchers in terms of:

  A) validity

  B) measures of dispersion

  C) measures of central tendency

  D) reliability

3. Respondents in a community standards survey were asked to classify sexually explicit material as 1) very obscene 2) obscene 3) not obscene at all

  A) ordinal

  B) ratio

  C) interval

  D) nominal

4. The percentage of population loss or gain over the past 10 years was calculated by state.

  A) interval

  B) ratio

  C) nominal

  D) ordinal

5. The name recognition of several political candidates was coded into the following categories: 1) recognize the name 2) do not recognize the name

  A) ratio

  B) interval

  C) nominal

  D) ordinal

6. A sample of middle-aged men was asked to rank-order their three biggest fears of growing older.

  A) ratio

  B) interval

  C) nominal

  D) ordinal

7. What term best describes the question, "Am I creating an accurate measure of my concept?"

  A) interval scaling

  B) reliability

  C) operationalization

  D) validity

8. We wish to generalize from a sample to the:

  A) population

  B) statistic

  C) variable

  D) data

9. We are interested in examining the effects of single parenting on terrorist group membership. Which is the independent variable (IV) and which is the dependent variable (DV)?

  A) Group membership is the IV. Single parenting is the DV;

  B) Single parenting and group membership are both IVs.

  C) Single parenting and group membership are both DVs.

  D) Single parenting is the IV. Group membership is the DV.

10. Which of the four levels of measurement occupies the top of the pyramid?

  A) nominal

  B) interval

  C) ordinal

  D) ratio

11. Reliability is:

  A) a way of assessing student knowledge.

  B) a way of ensuring you are measureing what you intend to measure.

  C) a way of creating a working definition of a concept.

  D) a way of ensuring your measure is consistent.

12. Which level of measurement is used to categorize variable definitions without a meaningful order to the categories?

  A) ratio

  B) nominal

  C) ordinal

  D) interval