1. Which country set the standard for seventeenth-century absolutism?

a. England

b. France

c. Austria

d. Prussia

2. Which of these motivated the repeal of the Edict of Nantes?

a. religious conviction

b. personal animosity toward the leader of the Huguenots

c. the threat to royal power posed by Huguenot sanctuaries

d. the alliance between Huguenots and French nobles

3. What was Cardinal Richelieu's goal concerning the French nobility?

a. He wanted to destroy the social privileges of the nobility.

b. He hoped to eliminate all class distinctions.

c. He wanted to end the nobles' legal privileges.

d. He wanted to curtail their independence.

4. The ultimate goal of the Fronde was to ______________ .

a. revoke the Edict of Nantes

b. grant freedom of religion to Protestants in France

c. limit royal power

d. overthrow the monarchy and establish a republic

5. Who was the minister of finance during the reign of Louis XIV?

a. Cardinal Mazarin

b. Cardinal Richelieu

c. the Queen Mother

d. Jean-Baptiste Colbert

6. The leaders of Parliament were in favor of bringing a Dutch king to the throne of England because _____________ .

a. the Dutch had a stronger military

b. he was Protestant

c. he was Catholic

d. he promised Parliamentary reform

7. Who was responsible for the publication of the Encyclopedia?

a. Denis Diderot

b. Baron Montesquieu

c. Thomas Hobbes

d. Isaac Newton

8. The fortified area in central Moscow housing churches, palaces, and government headquarters was known as ___________ .

a. the metropolitan

b. the Kremlin

c. Muscovy

d. the Domostroi

9. What is the name given to the Muscovy assembly, representing different classes of Russians?

a. the Estates General

b. the Zemskii Sobor

c. the kmut

d. the Kremlin

10. How did Russian society develop differently from Western societies?

a. It focused more on military pursuits and less on education.

b. It focused more on spirituality and less on the military.

c. It focused more on collective society than individual liberties.

d. It focused more on individual liberties than collective society.

11. Who financed the first conquests of Siberian lands?

a. the Romanovs

b. the Stroganov family

c. the Orthodox Church

d. the princes of Moscow

12. Who began the reorientation of Russia toward Europe?

a. Alexis I

b. Peter I

c. Boris Godunov

d. Michael I

13. What was the inspiration for Catherine's Nakaz?

a. Versailles

b. the Enlightenment

c. war with Poland

d. the Pugachev rebellion

14. How did Prussia assist Britain in the Seven Years' War?

a. fighting Russia in Europe

b. fighting France in Europe

c. fighting France in North America

d. assisting the French against the Russians

15. Which of these was used by the British to crush Pontiac's Rebellion?

a. They allied with the French troops in Pennsylvania.

b. They set fire to Indian villages.

c. Pitt set up a naval blockade.

d. They gave the Indians blankets infected with smallpox.

16. The results of the American Revolution helped Britain keep hold of____________ .

a. Haiti

b. India

c. Canada

d. Florida

17. Who initially made up most of the National Assembly?

a. members of the First Estate

b. the nobility

c. members of the Third Estate

d. the peasantry

18. For what crime was Louis XVI sentenced to death?

a. sedition

b. conspiring with France's enemies

c. breaking his coronation oath

d. None of the above.

19. Napoleon signed the Concordat because he _________________ .

a. was a devout Catholic

b. believed that defeating the English navy was impossible

c. believed that his invasion of Russia would be short

d. wanted to preserve Catholicism as a social force

20. Which invention was the creation of John Kay?

a. the spinning jenny

b. the flying shuttle

c. the water frame

d. the steam engine

21. German industry was initially hampered by______________________

a. political fragmentation

b. unions

c. lack of tariffs

d. low education levels

22. Devotion to the creation of a unified independent state based on a common culture and language is known as______________ .

a. socialism

b. liberalism

c. conservatism

d. nationalism

23. For Marx, human history has been marked above all by ____________ .

a. conflict

b. faith

c. the quest for knowledge

d. communal property

24. The goal of Otto von Bismarck was_______________ .

a. domination of the West

b. creation of a great navy

c. unification of Germany

d. unification of Italy

25. Britain avoided revolution in the nineteenth century by measures such as ___________ .

a.industrialization

b. the Reform Act of 1867

c. repeal of the Corn Laws

d. granting women the vote