1) Which characteristic of negative charismatic leadership is more likely to lead to failure?

· Identification to the organization
· Focus on personal power
· Tendency to make risky decisions
· Centralized decision making

2) The leadership process that describes how a group operates in an open system with other groups is called

· inter-active process
· organizational process
· intra-individual process
· group process

3) A contingency theory of leadership that depends on specific procedures for leader behaviors and has strong support is

· LPC contingency model
· cognitive resource theory
· multiple-linkage model theory
· normative decision theory

4) A theory that emphasizes leader traits and skills as determinants of leadership behavior is best categorized at what level?

· Individual
· Organizational
· Group
· Dyadic

5) A theory that explains the most effective pattern of leadership behavior in a specified situation is best classified as

· prescriptive
· contingency
· universal
· descriptive

6) Distant charismatics are often described in terms of their effect on follower

· task behavior
· identification with the leader
· motivation
· political attitudes

7) Most of the leadership theory and research explaining the actions of leaders and why those actions occurred has described

· descriptive leadership
· ethical leadership
· universal leadership
· prescriptive leadership

8) Ideological leaders will develop when the leader

· appeals to shared values
· has particular expertise
· appeals to emotion
· makes a rational appeal to followers

9) What level of leadership process is emphasized in most theories of effective leadership?

· Dyadic
· Organizational
· Intra-individual
· Group

10) CEOs who exhibit charismatic characteristics were noted to

· generate more sales
· increase company profitability
· negotiate higher compensation packages
· make company ads

11) Which of the following is a characteristic of a positive charismatic?

· Centralized decision making by the leader
· Dependency on the leader
· Devotion to ideology not personal identification
· Information is restricted

12) One unique characteristic of followers in leadership theory is

· confidence and optimism
· traits
· task commitment and effort
· skills and expertise

13) Contingency theories may be difficult to implement because

· situational changes happen infrequently
· managers have time to evaluate situations
· of the rapid pace of business
· there is always a single best solution

14) Transformational behavior can include

· passive management by exception
· inspirational motivation
· contingent rewards
· active management by exception

15) Effective transformational leaders

· use a combination of transformational and transactional behaviors
· challenge strongly held values of followers to get their attention
· delegate most decisions to individuals or self-managed teams
· select subordinates who will be loyal and uncritical

16) A leadership contingency theory that stresses the intelligence and experience of the leader is

· situational leadership theory
· normative decision theory
· leadership substitutes theory
· cognitive resource theory

17) Which statement comparing transformational and charismatic leadership is most accurate?

· Leader articulation of an appealing vision is important in both theories.
· There are no important differences between the two types of leadership.
· Situational variables are less important for charismatic leadership
· Personal identification is more important in transformational leadership.

18) Which statement about transformational and charismatic leadership is most accurate?

· Both types of leadership involve the same underlying processes
· Charisma is a necessary ingredient in transformational leadership
· Both types of leadership are effective in any situation
· Charismatic leaders are more effective in business organizations

19) Charismatic leaders add followers by

· sharing the decision making
· considering other solutions
· appealing to emotions and articulating a vision
· possessing specific expertise

20) The concept that some people are natural (born) leaders is an attribute of which leadership approach?

· Trait approach
· Power-influence approach
· Behavior approach
· Situation approach

21) A contingency theory that contains mediating variables is

· multiple-linkage model
· situational leadership theory
· leadership substitutes theory
· cognitive resource theory

22) Most leadership theories emphasize

· follower characteristics
· leader characteristics
· both leader and follower characteristics
· characteristics of the leadership situation