1. Unlike spoken communication, there is a lasting _____________ to your written communication.

a. impression

b. memory

c. visual element

d. none of the above

2. Theory Y managers believe

a. employees need to be directed.

b. employees are not motivated.

c. employees are underutilized.

d. employees do not seek responsibility, but accept it.

3. Alice was recently criticized for the poor performance of her store this quarter. When Alice stated that profits for the company overall were down for the quarter, she mentioned that recent highway construction in front of her store was the main reason for low profits. She presented reports that compared store sales along the highway versus other stores in her town to prove her point. This is an example of

a. cognitive dissonance.

b. inductive reasoning.

c. inoculation.

d. deductive reasoning.