1. The factor of probation supervision that means an officer must keep in touch with juvenile parent and school is ____________.
a. surveillance b. casework c. intake screening d. accountability

2. The basic set of juvenile probation functions includes _____________.
a. intake screening of cases referred b. court-ordered release of juvenile c. disposition investigation d. analyzing arrest report

3. ____________ purpose was to allow the defendant to have time to appeal a case to the Crown.
a. Recognizance b. Bene t of clergy c. Judicial reprieve d. Prosecutorial discretion

4.Due to the humanitarianism of John Augustus, the nation's first probation law was passed in ____________.
a. Illinois b. Massachusetts c. New York d. Pennsylvania

5. The officer who perceives his/her role as guardian of middle class morality is called the ____________ officer.
a. punitive b. protective c. passive d. welfare

6. The officer who sees the job as requiring only minimum effort is called the ___________ officer.
a. punitive b. protective c. passive d. welfare

7.__________ determined constitutional rights of incarcerated minors have been violated.
a. Morales v. Turman b. Maryland v. Thurman c. National Council on Crime and Delinquency d. Morrissey v. Turman

8. The types of punishment include ____________.
a. actual physical punishment b. emotional punishment c. diversi cation d. None of the above.

9. What is one of the seven essential characteristics of juvenile detention de ned by the American Correctional Association Detention Committee?
a. temporary custody b. treatment centers c. reform schools d. cottage schools

10. Recommendations for juvenile detention facilities include ____________.
a. secure custody with no physical care b. the detention facility should be in a residential area and near court and community services
c. nonsecure custody with treatment units d. secure custody with no treatment units

11.___________ became the rst real American response to juvenile problem.
a. Houses of refuge b. Elmira Reformatory c. New York City House of Refuge d. Lyman School for Boys

12. Reform school managers and institutional superintendents emphasized ____________.
a. physical conditioning b. college prep courses c. discretionary release d. physical punishment

13.___________ was the rst state reform school for boys.
a. Lyman School for Boys b. Elmira Reformatory c. Houses of refuge d. Cottage reform schools

14.___________ for housing institutionalized juveniles continues to be the most popular form in use today.
a. Reform schools b. Cottage reform schools c. Houses of refuge d. Elmira Reformatory

15. The emphasis on ___________, which pervades the adult institutions, also shapes the general environment of juvenile detention facilities.
a. detention b. apprehension c. custody d. credibility