1. The concept of __________ is specifically concerned with feeling states that involve patterns of cognitive, physiological, and behavioral reactions to events.

instinct

emotion

motivation

drive

2. The fact that you almost instinctively jump out of the way of a car that is about to hit you and the fact that young infants clearly feel emotions even though they have yet to learn language best demonstrate how:

the cognitive appraisals involved in emotions are always conscious.

sometimes the cognitive appraisals involved in emotion are automatic or primitive.

he concept of secondary appraisals can be used to explain emotional responses

sometimes emotions are produced without any cognitive appraisals at all.

3. Suppose someone asked you right now to think of a time when you were treated unfairly. It is very likely that the simple memory of what was done to you would evoke some feelings of anger and/or other emotions that you experienced in response to this particular event. The fact that you can do this in response to this person’s request best demonstrates how:

emotions can be triggered by internal stimuli.

upward comparisons can make people feel worse.

most emotions are triggered by external stimuli

emotions inspire both instrumental and expressive behaviors